Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Molecular Detection and Characterization of Human Enteroviruses

  • Chapter
Cardiomyopathies and Heart Failure

Part of the book series: Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine ((DICM,volume 248))

Abstract

Enteroviruses (family Picornaviridae) are among the most common of human viruses, infecting an estimated 50 million people annually in the United States and possibly a billion or more annually worldwide.1 2 Most infections are inapparent, but enteroviruses may cause a wide spectrum of acute disease, including mild upper respiratory illness (common cold), febrile rash (hand, foot, and mouth disease and herpangina), aseptic meningitis, pleurodynia, encephalitis, acute flaccid paralysis (paralytic poliomyelitis), and neonatal sepsis-like disease. Enterovirus infections result in 30,000 to 50,000 hospitalizations per year in the United States, with aseptic meningitis cases accounting for the vast majority of the hospitalizations. In addition to these acute illnesses, enteroviruses have also been associated with severe chronic diseases such as myocarditis,3 4 type 1 diabetes mellitus,5 and neuromuscular diseases.6

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Melnick, J. L. “Enteroviruses: Polioviruses, Coxsackieviruses, Echoviruses, and Newer Enteroviruses.” In Fields Virology, 3rd edn, Fields BN, Knipe DM, Howley PM, et al, eds. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott-Raven Publishers, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Morens DM, Pallansch MA. “Epidemiology.” In Human Enterovirus Infections, Rotbart HA, ed Washington, D.C.: ASM Press, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Kim KS, Hufnagel G, Chapman N, et al. The Group B Coxsackieviruses and Myocarditis. Reviews in Medical Virology 2001;11:355–368.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Martino TA., Liu PP, Petric M, et al. “Enteroviral Myocarditis and Cardiomyopathy: A Review of Clinical and Experimental Studies.” In Human Enterovirus Infections, Rotbart HA, ed. Washington, DC: ASM Press, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Rewers M, Atkinson M. “The Possible Role of Enteroviruses in Diabetes Mellitus.” In Human Enterovirus Infections, Rotbart HA, ed. Washington, DC: ASM Press, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Dalakas MC. “Enteroviruses and Human Neuromuscular Diseases.” In Human Enterovirus Infections, Rotbart HA. ed. Washington, DC: ASM Press, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Committee on Enteroviruses. Classification of Human Enteroviruses. Virology 1962;16:501–504.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Minor, PD, Brown F, Domingo E, et al. “Family Picornaviridae.” In Virus Taxonomy. Classification and nomenclature of viruses, Murphy FA, Fauquet CM, Bishop DHL, et al. Vienna, Austria: Springer-Verlag, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  9. King AMQ, Brown F, Christian P, et al. “Picornaviridae.” In Virus Taxonomy. Seventh Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, Van Regenmortel MHV, Fauquet CM, Bishop DHL, et al, eds. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Mayo MA, Pringle CR. Virus Taxonomy—1997. J Gen Virol 1998;79:649–657.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Panel for Picornaviruses. Picornaviruses: Classification of Nine New Types. Science 1963;141:153–154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Lim KA, Benyesh-Melnick M. Typing of Viruses by Combinations of Antiserum Pools. Application to Typing of Enteroviruses (Coxsackie and ECHO). J Immunol 1960;84:309–317.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Duggal R, Wimmer E. Genetic Recombination of Poliovirus In Vitro and In Vivo: Temperature-Dependent Alteration of Crossover Sites. Virology 1999;258:30–41.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Mateu MG. Antibody Recognition of Picornaviruses and Escape from Neutralization: A Structural View. Virus Research 1995;38:1–24.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Minor PD. Antigenic Structure of Picornaviruses. Curr Top in Microbiol Immunol 1990;161:121–154.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Oberste MS, Maher K, Kilpatrick DR, et al. Molecular Evolution of the Human Enteroviruses: Correlation of Serotype with VP1 Sequence and Application to Picornavirus Classification. J Virol 1999;73:1941–1948.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Oberste MS, Maher K, Pallansch MA. Molecular Phylogeny of all Human Enterovirus Serotypes Based on Comparison of Sequences at the 5’ End of the Region Encoding VP2. Virus Res 1998;58:35–43.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Pöyry T, Kinnunen L., Hyypia T, et al. Genetic and Phylogenetic Clustering of Enteroviruses. J Gen Virol 1996;77:1699–1717.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Oberste MS, Maher K., Flemister MR, et al. Comparison of Classic and Molecular Approaches for the Identification of Untypable Enteroviruses. J Clin Microbiol 2000;38:1170–1174.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Oberste MS, Maher K, Kilpatrick DR, et al. Typing of Human Enteroviruses by Partial Sequencing of VP1. J Clin Microbiol 1999;37:1288–1293.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Oberste MS, Maher K, Kennett ML, et al. Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Diversity of Echovirus Type 30 (E30): Genotype Correlates with Temporal Dynamics of E30 Isolation. J Clin Microbiol 1999;37:3928–3933.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Vosloo W, Knowles NJ, Thomson GR. Genetic Relationships Between Southern African SAT-2 Isolates of Foot-and-Mouth-Disease Virus. Epidemiol Infect 1992;109:547–558.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Hyypiä T, Horsnell C, Maaronen M, et al. A Distinct Picornavirus Group Identified by Sequence Analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1992;89:8847–8851.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Marvil P, Knowles NJ, Mockett AP, et al. Avian Encephalomyelitis Virus is a Picornavirus and is Most Closely Related to Hepatitis A Virus. Journal of General Virology 1999;80:653–662.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Niklasson B, Kinnunen L, Hörnfeldt B, et al. A New Picornavirus Isolated from Bank Voles (Clethrionomys Glareolus). Virology 1999;255:86–93.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Yamashita T, Sakae K, Tsuzuki H, et al. Complete Nucleotide Sequence and Genetic Organization of Aichi Virus, a Distinct Member of the Picornaviridae Associated with Acute Gastroenteritis in Humans. J Virol 1998;72:8408–8412.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. King, AMQ. “Genetic Recombination in Positive Strand RNA Viruses.” In RNA Genetics, Domingo E, Holland JJ, Alquist P, eds. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, Inc., 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Kopecka H, Brown B, Pallansch MA. Genotypic Variation in Coxsackievirus B5 Isolates from Three Different Outbreaks in the United States. Vir Res 1995;38:125–136.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Santti J, Hyypia T, Kinnunen L, et al. Evidence of Recombination Among Enteroviruses. J Virol 1999;73:8741–8749.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Caro V, Guillot S, Delpeyroux F, et al. Molecular Strategy for ‘Serotyping’ of Human Enteroviruses. J Gen Virol 2001;82:79–91.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Casas I, Palacios GF, Trallero G, et al. Molecular Characterization of Human Enteroviruses in Clinical Samples: Comparison Between VP2, VP1, and RNA Polymerase Regions Using RT Nested PCR Assays and Direct Sequencing of Products. J Med Virol 2001;65:138–148.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Norder H, Bjerregaard L, Magnius LO. Homotypic Echoviruses Share Aminoterminal VP1 Sequence Homology Applicable for Typing. J Med Virol 2001;63:35–44.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Rotbart HA, Ahmed A, Hickey S, et al. Diagnosis of Enterovirus Infection by Polymerase Chain Reaction of Multiple Specimen Types. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1997;16:409–411.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Rotbart HA, Romero JR. “Laboratory Diagnosis of Enteroviral Infections.” In Human Enterovirus Infections, Rotbart HA, ed. Washington, DC: ASM Press, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  35. World Health Organization. Manual for the Virological Investigation of Polio. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Brown BA, Oberste M S, Alexander JP, Jr., et al. Molecular Epidemiology and Evolution of Enterovirus 71 Strains Isolated from 1970 to 1998. J Virol 1999;73:9969–9975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Brown BA, Kilpatrick DR, Oberste M S, et al. Serotype-Specific Identification of Enterovirus 71 by PCR. J Clin Virol 2000;16:107–112.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Kilpatrick DR, Quay J, Pallansch MA, et al. Type-Specific Detection of Echovirus 30 Isolates Using Degenerate Reverse Transcriptase PCR Primers J Clin Microbiol 2001;39:1299–1302.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Wenner, H. A. (1962). The ECHO viruses. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 101, 398–412.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Melnick JL, Tagaya I, von Magnus H. Enteroviruses 69, 70, and 71. Intervirology 1974;4: 369–370.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Rosen L, Kern J. Toluca-3, a Newly Recognized Enterovirus. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 1965;118:389–391.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Rosen L., Schmidt NJ, Kern J. Toluca-1, a Newly Recognized Enterovirus. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch 1973;40:132–136.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Schieble JH, Fox VL, Lennette EH. A Probable New Human Picornavirus Associated with Respiratory Diseases. American Journal of Epidemiology 1967;85:297–310.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Oberste MS, Schnurr D, Maher K, et al. Molecular Identification of New Picornaviruses and Characterization of a Proposed Enterovirus 73 Serotype. J General Virol 2001;82:409–616.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    Mark A. Pallansch PhD & M. Steven Oberste PhD

Authors
  1. Mark A. Pallansch PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Steven Oberste PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan

    Akira Matsumori MD, PhD

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Pallansch, M.A., Oberste, M.S. (2003). Molecular Detection and Characterization of Human Enteroviruses. In: Matsumori, A. (eds) Cardiomyopathies and Heart Failure. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 248. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9264-2_20

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9264-2_20

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-4865-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-9264-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation