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Plasmids of the Genus Pseudomonas

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Pseudomonas

Abstract

Genomic study of the genus Pseudomonas depends on knowledge of not only chromosomal sequences of the major species comprising the genus, but also the mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that carry key determinants within and between species. MGEs include plasmids that replicate autonomously in the cytoplasm of their host, temperate phage that can coexist with their host as prophage either integrated into the chromosome or as a plasmid, and trans-posable elements that can facilitate the movement of DNA between locations independently from homologous recombination. MGEs can vary in size from the smallest insertion sequence (IS) to the largest mega-plasmid (>400 kb). MGEs are often but not always associated with DNA identified as mobile or recently transferred on the basis of genomic comparisons. For Escherichia coli, where there are now complete genome sequences for a number of strains of this one species, it is clear that 5–10% of the genome can differ between strains. Comparisons between the genomes of Pseudomonas species discussed elsewhere in this volume is revealing equivalent differences. There is a scaffold of genomic functions present in all members of a species or genus but in addition there is extra DNA present in some strains but not others. In some cases the differences may be due to loss of DNA, but in many it is due to acquisition of horizontally transferred DNA. If one sums the DNA that is associated with such elements across the many strains that comprise a species this can equal or exceed another whole chromosome. The DNA that is accessible to the whole species, while not present fully in any one strain, but that has the means to move into adjacent strains or species, is defined as the horizontal gene pool (HGP). One purpose of this chapter is to help readers think about the HGP of the genus Pseudomonas.

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  1. School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK

    Christopher M. Thomas & Anthony S. Haines

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    Juan-Luis Ramos

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Thomas, C.M., Haines, A.S. (2004). Plasmids of the Genus Pseudomonas . In: Ramos, JL. (eds) Pseudomonas. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9086-0_7

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