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Nitric Oxide and Cancer: An Overview

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Nitric Oxide (NO) and Cancer

Part of the book series: Cancer Drug Discovery and Development ((CDD&D))

Abstract

An involvement of nitric oxide, a diatomic radical, has been described for numerous areas from environmental pollution to cardiovascular disease, carcinogenesis, tumor progression, genotoxicity, and angiogenesis. Previously, it has been demonstrated that NO may perform different functions dependent on NO levels achieved in a particular microenvironment. Furthermore, researchers also have discovered and identified the various sources of NO, which can elicit different biological responses of NO. In order to better understand the biological consequences of NO responses, one must first understand the chemical biology of NO. Since the first discussions during the early 1990s, it became widely accepted that NO chemical biology can be classified into two classes: direct interaction and indirect interaction. These two classes provided us with the means to understand the basic chemical toxicological effects of NO and its resulting reactive nitrogen species (RNS). NO has been reported to be involved in several steps of carcinogenesis, including interactions with p53 at both the genetic and the protein level and through regulation of the apoptotic pathways and DNA repair mechanisms. Recently, NO has also been linked to various immune and inflammation responses, especially in cancer development and wound healing process. Tumors are known to alter the immune response and tissue vascularization which involves NO. Therefore, a better understanding of the roles of NO in immune response modulation and wound healing would allow us to design a better treatment plan and improve NO drug efficacy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA

    Robert Cheng, Lisa A. Ridnour, Christopher H. Switzer, Wilmarie Flores-Santana, Stefan Ambs, Curtis C. Harris & David A. Wink

  2. Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA

    Sharon A. Glynn

  3. Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA

    Perwez Hussain

  4. Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy. College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Douglas D. Thomas

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    Benjamin Bonavida

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Cheng, R. et al. (2010). Nitric Oxide and Cancer: An Overview. In: Bonavida, B. (eds) Nitric Oxide (NO) and Cancer. Cancer Drug Discovery and Development. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1432-3_1

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