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Green Cryosestic Algae

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Algae and Cyanobacteria in Extreme Environments

Part of the book series: Cellular Origin, Life in Extreme Habitats and Astrobiology ((COLE,volume 11))

Cryoseston inhabits one of the most extreme environments in the Earth biosphere. The phototrophic components are composed exclusively from microorganisms, adapted to life conditions of melting snow. All species occurring in cryosestic assemblages evidently colonised the snowfields secondarily, their ancestors originating from other habitats.

Cryosestic communities develop in snowfields and on the surface of glaciers, where the temperature surpasses 0ºC periodically (daily, or over variously long time periods), and the snow changes locally from solid to liquid state. It means, that the temperature adaptability of cryosestic species must allow to start the intense metabolic activities immediately after melting their cells accommodated in snow. Such adaptation also occurs in algae from other biotopes (in subaerophytic, endolithic and terrestrial habitats), but it is the conditio sine qua non in typical cryosestic algae. Another precondition is that the cryosestic microflora can develop only in snowfields and glaciers remaining and persisting in air temperatures above 0ºC over some periods, and under convenient irradiance conditions (cf. Hoham and Duval, 2001). This situation occurs mainly in mountains and polar and subpolar regions over the spring and summer periods.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Třeboň, Czech Republic

    Jiří Komárek Ph.D & Linda Nedbalová Ph.D

  2. University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic

    Jiří Komárek Ph.D

  3. Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic

    Linda Nedbalová Ph.D

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  1. Jiří Komárek Ph.D
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  1. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mevo Hadas 20, 1132, 90435, Efrat, Israel

    Joseph Seckbach Ph.D

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Komárek, J., Nedbalová, L. (2007). Green Cryosestic Algae. In: Seckbach, J. (eds) Algae and Cyanobacteria in Extreme Environments. Cellular Origin, Life in Extreme Habitats and Astrobiology, vol 11. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6112-7_17

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