Abstract
ELECTRE TRI is a multiple criteria decision aiding sorting method with a history of successful real-life applications. ELECTRE TRI requires as input severalparameters, such as criteria weights, thresholds, category profiles, and lambda cutting level. We propose the SMAA-TRI method for analyzing the stability ofELECTRE TRI analysis and for deriving robust conclusions. SMAA-TRI is based on Stochastic Multicriteria Acceptability Analysis (SMAA), and it allowsELECTRE TRI to be used with imprecise, arbitrarily distributed values for weights and the lambda cutting level. The method computes for each alternative action theshare of parameter values that have it assigned to different categories. We list some potential military applications. To demonstrate SMAA-TRI, we re-analyze a casestudy in the field of risk assessment and management.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barnes J., Wiley V., Moore J., and Ryer D. 2004. Solving the aerial fleet refueling problem using group theoretic tabu search. Mathematical and Computer Modelling 39(6–8), 617–640.
Berkson J. 1944. Application of the logistic function to bio-assay. Journal of American Statistical Association 39, 357–365.
Bliss C. 1934. The methods of probits. Science 79, 38–39.
Chen S. 1996. Evaluating weapon systems using fuzzy arithmetic operations. Fuzzy Sets and Systems 77(3), 265–276.
Cheng C. 1996. Evaluating naval tactical missile systems by fuzzy AHP based on the grade value of membership function. European Journal of Operational Research 96(2), 343–350.
Cheng C. 1999. Evaluating weapon systems using ranking fuzzy numbers. Fuzzy Sets and Systems 107(1), 25–35.
Cheng C. and Lin Y. 2002. Evaluating the best main battle tank using fuzzy decision theory with linguistic criteria evaluation. European Journal of Operational Research 142(1), 174–186.
De Leeneer, I. and Pastijn H. 2002. Selecting land mine detection strategies by means of outranking MCDM techniques. European Journal of Operational Research 139(2), 327–338.
Dias L. and Clímaco J. 1999. On computing ELECTREs credibility indices under partial information. Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis 8(2), 74–92.
Dias, L. and Clímaco J. 2000. ELECTRE TRI for groups with imprecise information on parameter values. Group Decision and Negotiation 9(5), 355–377.
Dias L. and Mousseau V. 2004. Inferring Electres veto-related parameters from outranking examples. European Journal of Operational Research 170(1), 172–191.
Dias L., Mousseau V., Figueira J. and Clímaco J. 2002. An aggregation/disaggregation approach to obtain robust conclusions with ELECTRE TRI. European Journal of Operational Research 138(2), 332–348.
Doumpos M. and Zopounidis C. 2002. Multicriteria Decision Aid Classification Methods, Vol. 73. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. Preprint for NATO ARW, Thessaloniki 20–24 April, 2005.
Durbach I. 2005. A simulation-based test of stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis using achievement functions. European Journal of Operational Research 170(3), 923–934.
Figueira J., Greco S., and Ehrgott M. (eds.) 2005a. Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis: State of the Art Surveys. New York: Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.
Figueira J., Mousseau V., and Roy B. 2005b. ELECTRE methods. Capter 4 In Figueira J., Greco S., and Ehrgott M. (eds.): Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis: State of the Art Surveys. New York: Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.
Figueira J. and Roy B. 2002. Determining the weights of criteria in the ELECTRE type methods with a revised Simos procedure. European Journal of Operational Research 139(2), 317–326.
Fisher R. 1936. The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems. Annals of Eugenics 7, 179–188.
Haapalinna I. 2003. How to allocate funds within the army. European Journal of Operational Research 144(1), 224–233.
Hokkanen, J. and Salminen P. 1997. Choosing a solid waste management system using multicriteria decision analysis. European Journal of Operational Research 98(1), 19–36.
Jaiswal N., Sangeeta Y., and Gaur S. 1995. Stochastic analysis of combat models under different termination decision rules. European Journal of Operational Research 83(3), 530–546.
Kim S., Ahn B., and Choi S. 1997. An efficient force planning system using multi-objective linear goal programming. Computers & Operations Research 24(6), 569–580.
Lahdelma R., Hokkanen J., and Salminen P. 1998. SMAA - Stochastic multiobjective acceptability analysis. European Journal of Operational Research 106(1), 137–143.
Lahdelma R., Miettinen K., and Salminen P. 2003. Ordinal criteria in stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis (SMAA). European Journal of Operational Research 147(1), 117–127.
Lahdelma R., Miettinen K., and K. Salminen K. 2005. Reference point approach for multiple decision makers. European Journal of Operational Research 164(3), 785–791.
Lahdelma R. and Salminen P. 2001. SMAA-2: Stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis for group decision making. Operations Research 49(3), 444–454.
Lahdelma R. and Salminen P. 2006. Stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis using the data envelopment model. European Journal of Operational Research 170(1), 241–252.
Masud A., Metcalf P., and Hommertzheim D. 1995. A knowledge-based model management system for aircraft survivability analysis. European Journal of Operational Research 84(1), 47–59.
Merad M., Verdel T., Roy B., and Kouniali S. 2004. Use of multi-criteria decisionaids for risk zoning and management of large area subjected to mining-indiced hazards. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 19, 125–138.
Mousseau V. 1995. Eliciting information concerning the relative importance of criteria. In Y. Pardalos, C. Siskos, and C. Zopounidis (eds.): Advances in Multicriteria analysis. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 17–43.
Mousseau V., Dias L., and Figueira J. 2004. Dealing with inconsistent judgements in multiple criteria sorting models. Research Report 17/2004 of The Institute of Systems Engineering and Computers (INESC-Coimbra), Coimbra, Portugal. http://www.inescc.pt.
Mousseau V., Figueira J., Dias L., Gomes da Silva C., and Clímaco J. 2003. Resolving inconsistencies among constraints on the parameters of an MCDA model. European Journal of Operational Research 147(1), 72–93.
Mousseau V., Figueira J., and Naux J. 2001. Using assignment examples to infer weights for ELECTRE TRI method: Some experimental results. European Journal of Operational Research 130(2), 263–275.
Mousseau V. and Slowinski R. 1998. Inferring an ELECTRE TRI model from assignment examples. Journal of Global Optimization 12(2), 157–174.
Mousseau V., Slowinski R., and Zielniewicz P. 2000. A user-oriented implementation of the ELECTRE-TRI method integrating preference elicitation support. Computers & Operations Research 27(7–8), 757–777.
Ngo The A. and Mousseau V. 2002. Using assignment examples to infer category limits for the ELECTRE TRI method. Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis 11, 29–43.
Richbourg R. and Olson W. 1996. A hybrid expert system that combines technologies to address the problem of military terrain analysis. Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal 11(2), 207–225.
Rogers M. and Bruen M. 1998. A new system for weighting environmental criteria for use within ELECTRE III. European Journal of Operational Research 107(2), 552–563.
Roy B. 2002. Robustesse de quoi et vis-à-vis de quoi mais aussi robustesse pourquoi en aide à la décision ?. Newsletter of the European Working Group on Multiple Criteria Decision Aiding, Series 3, Number 6.
Roy B. 2005. A propos de robustesse en recherche opérationelle et aide à la décision, Chapt. 2. In J. Billaut, A. Moukrim and E. Sanlaville (Eds.), Flexibilité et Robustesse en Ordonnancement (forthcoming).
Smith C. 1947. Some examples of discrimination. Annals of Eugenics 13, 272–282.
Tervonen T., Almeida-Dias J., Figueira J., Lahdelma R., and Salminen P. 2005. SMAA-TRI: A Parameter Stability Analysis Method for ELECTRE TRI. Research Report 6/2005 of The Institute of Systems Engineering and Computers (INESCCoimbra), Coimbra, Portugal. http://www.inescc.pt.
Tervonen T., Figueira J., Lahdelma R., and Salminen P. 2004. An Inverse Approach for ELECTRE III. Research Report 20/2004 of The Institute of Systems Engineering and Computers (INESCCoimbra), Coimbra, Portugal. http://www.inescc.pt.
Washburn A. 1994. Military Operations Research. In: S. Pollock, M. Rothkopf, and A. Barnett (eds.): Operations Research and the Public Sector, Vol. 6 of Handbooks in Operations Research and Management Science. Amsterdam: North-Holland (Elsevier Science B. V.), Chapt. 4, 67–106.
Yu W. 1992. Aide multicritère à la décision dans le cadre de la problématique du tri : Concepts, méthodes et applications. Ph.D. thesis, Université Paris-Dauphine.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2007 Springer
About this paper
Cite this paper
Tervonen, T., Lahdelma, R., Almeida Dias, J., Figueira, J., Salminen, P. (2007). SMAA-TRI. In: Linkov, I., Kiker, G.A., Wenning, R.J. (eds) Environmental Security in Harbors and Coastal Areas. NATO Security through Science Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5802-8_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5802-8_15
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-5800-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-5802-8
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)