Skip to main content

DETECTION OF EXPLOSIVES BY QUADRUPOLE RESONANCE METHOD: NEW ASPECTS FOR SECURITY

  • Conference paper
Detection and Disposal of Improvised Explosives

Part of the book series: NATO Security through Science Series ((NASTB))

Abstract

A very important part of aviation security is the detection and identification of explosives in baggage. There are many detection techniques employing a range of different technologies that are based on physical and chemical properties of such substances. At present the most widely used screening technique employs transmission X-ray imaging. The method is based on the irradiation of baggage by X-rays and receiving transmitted radiation in order to determine the presence or not of a weapon or explosive. X-ray machines used at checkpoints offer excellent image quality, and with a skilled operator, a high probability of detection for a range of both explosive and non-explosive threats. However the detection technique on the basis of X-rays has a relatively low sensitivity of certain configurations of explosives.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Hirshfeld T. and Klainer S.M. 1980 Short range remote NQR measurements J. Molec. Struct. 58 63–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Rudakov T.N. 1999 Magnetic Resonance: Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance, Instrumentation. In: Encyclopedia of spectroscopy and spectrometry, ed J.C. Lindon, G. E. Tranter and J.L. Holmes, Academic Press, London., vol.2, pp. 1663–1671.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Marino R.A. and Klainer S.M. 1977 Multiple spin echoes in pure quadrupole resonance, J. Chem. Phys. 67, 3388–3389.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Osokin D.Ya, 1983 Pulsed spin-locking in nuclear quadrupole resonance of 14N, Zn. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 84, 118–123.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Osokin D.Ya, Ermakov V.L., Kurbanov R.H. and Shagalov V.A. 1992. The quasistationary states in multipulse NQR, Z. Naturforsch. 47a, 439–445.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Furman G.B. 1994 Nitrogen-14 NQR multiple-pulse spin-locking in the axial electric field gradient, Z. Naturforsch. 49a, 97–102.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Klainer S.M., Hirschfeld T.B. and Marino R.A. 1982 Fourier transform NQR spectroscopy. Fourier, Hadamard and Hilbert transforms in chemistry, A.G. Marshal (ed.), Plenum NY pp 147–81

    Google Scholar 

  8. Buess M.L., Garroway A.N. and Miller J.B. 1991 NQR detection using a meanderline surface coil J. Magn. Reson. 92 348–62

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Rudakov T.N. and Belyakov A.V. 1998 Modifications of the steady-state free- precession sequences for the detection of pure nuclear quadrupole resonance J. Phys.D: Appl.Phys. 31 1251–56.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Rudakov T.N. and Hayes P.A. 2005 Some aspects of quasi-steady state of nitrogen-14 quadrupolar spin-system, Chem. Phys. Lett. 405, 334–338.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Flexman J.H., Rudakov T.N., Hayes P.A., Shanks N., Mikhaltsevitch V.T. and Chisholm W.P. 2004 The detection of explosives in airport baggage using the direct nuclear resonance method in “Detection of Bulk Explosives” NATO Science series II, Schubert H., Kuznetsov A. (eds.), Kluwer, vol 138, pp 113–124.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Deas R.M., Gaskell M.J., Long K., Peirson N. F., Rowe M.D. and Smith J.S.A. An NQR study of the crystalline structure of TNT in “Detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets IX, R.S. Harmon, J.T. Broach, J.H. Holloway (eds.), Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 5415, pp 510–520.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2006 Springer

About this paper

Cite this paper

RUDAKOV, T., RAYNER, T., HAYES, P., RUSSETH, K. (2006). DETECTION OF EXPLOSIVES BY QUADRUPOLE RESONANCE METHOD: NEW ASPECTS FOR SECURITY. In: Schubert, H., Kuznetsov, A. (eds) Detection and Disposal of Improvised Explosives. NATO Security through Science Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4887-6_17

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics