Abstract
Biologists have long recognised that the circum-Mediterranean region, and the Balkans in particular, contains an extraordinary variety of life forms in both plant and animal groups (Gaston & David, 1994), which is expressed in terms of biogeographical diversity, including that of amphibians and reptiles. The Mediterranean region of Europe comprises three large southern peninsulas and their archipelagoes. The amphibians and reptiles in this part of Europe exhibit complex biogeographic patterns, with large numbers of endemic taxa, dynamism, and the presence of certain general biological phenomena (see below). Distinguished by a high level of heterogeneity and of mosaicism, and natural fragmentation due to mountain ranges, the Balkan Peninsula is particularly intriguing in this respect.
“The northern Adriatic region, the south-eastern region from the Alps to the Carpathian Mts., Dalmatia and Albania, as well as their neighbouring seas, have a particular biogeographic significance, which I will explain in more detail elsewhere along with the Pendulation theory. Here, we have an ancient corner of Europe and one of the most interesting parts of the whole World.” (Simroth, 1907; our translation)
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DžukiĆ, G., KaleziĆ, M.L. (2004). The Biodiversity of Amphibians and Reptiles in the Balkan Peninsula. In: Griffiths, H.I., Kryštufek, B., Reed, J.M. (eds) Balkan Biodiversity. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2854-0_10
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