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Abstract

The Caspian Sea region has become one of the most sensitive areas of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and of an enlarged Middle East. The vast resources of oil and natural gas have given a new relevance to the newly independent states of Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan in the domain of energy policy and geopolitics, both within the region as a whole and beyond. To put their natural resources at the service of developing and stabilizing their economies, these states have to find a way to enter the world market.

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Notes

  1. A.G. Nedvetsky, ‘Turkmenistan’, in M. Mesbahi (ed.), Central Asia and the Caucasus after the Soviet Union. Domestic and International Dynamics (University Press, Florida, 1994), pp. 191–206.

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  2. Bahro, Gundula, ‘Saparmurad Nijasov’, p. 206 in Orient, vol. 2 (1995), Opladen, pp. 202–8.

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© 1997 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited

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Freitag-Wirminghaus, R. (1997). Turkmenistan’s Place in Central Asia and the World. In: Mozaffari, M. (eds) Security Politics in the Commonwealth of Independent States. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25786-7_4

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