Abstract
RNA editing by A-to-I deamination is a relevant co/posttranscriptional modification carried out by ADAR enzymes. In humans, it has pivotal cellular effects and its deregulation has been linked to a variety of human disorders including neurological and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Despite its biological relevance, the detection of RNA editing variants in large transcriptome sequencing experiments (RNAseq) is yet a challenging computational task. To drastically reduce computing times we have developed a novel REDItools version able to identify A-to-I events in huge amount of RNAseq data employing High Performance Computing (HPC) infrastructures.
Here we show how to use REDItools v2 in HPC systems.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Change history
03 August 2021
In the original version of this book, chapter 8 was published with incomplete list of authors. This has now been rectified in this revised version of the book.
References
Gott JM, Emeson RB (2000) Functions and mechanisms of RNA editing. Annu Rev Genet 34:499–531. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.genet.34.1.499
Bar-Yaacov D, Pilpel Y, Dahan O (2018) RNA editing in bacteria: occurrence, regulation and significance. RNA Biol 15:863–867. https://doi.org/10.1080/15476286.2018.1481698
Porath HT, Knisbacher BA, Eisenberg E, Levanon EY (2017) Massive A-to-I RNA editing is common across the Metazoa and correlates with dsRNA abundance. Genome Biol 18:185. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-017-1315-y
Takenaka M, Zehrmann A, Verbitskiy D, Härtel B, Brennicke A (2013) RNA editing in plants and its evolution. Annu Rev Genet 47:335–352. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-111212-133519
Pfaller CK, Donohue RC, Nersisyan S, Brodsky L, Cattaneo R (2018) Extensive editing of cellular and viral double-stranded RNA structures accounts for innate immunity suppression and the proviral activity of ADAR1p150. PLoS Biol 16:e2006577. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2006577
Picardi E, Manzari C, Mastropasqua F, Aiello I, D’Erchia AM, Pesole G (2015) Profiling RNA editing in human tissues: towards the inosinome atlas. Sci Rep 5:1–17. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep14941
Lerner T, Papavasiliou FN, Pecori R (2018) RNA editors, cofactors, and mRNA targets: an overview of the C-to-U RNA editing machinery and its implication in human disease. Genes 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10010013
Nishikura K (2010) Functions and regulation of RNA editing by ADAR Deaminases. Annu Rev Biochem 79:321–349. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-060208-105251
Nishikura K (2016) A-to-I editing of coding and non-coding RNAs by ADARs. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 17:83–96. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrm.2015.4
Vesely C, Tauber S, Sedlazeck FJ, Tajaddod M, von Haeseler A, Jantsch MF (2014) ADAR2 induces reproducible changes in sequence and abundance of mature microRNAs in the mouse brain. Nucleic Acids Res 42:12155–12168 . https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gku844
Li H, Handsaker B, Wysoker A, Fennell T, Ruan J, Homer N, Marth G, Abecasis G, Durbin R (2009) The sequence alignment/map format and SAMtools. Bioinformatics 25:2078–2079. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btp352
Giudice CL, Tangaro MA, Pesole G, Picardi E (2020) Investigating RNA editing in deep transcriptome datasets with REDItools and REDIportal. Nat Protoc 15:1098–1131. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41596-019-0279-7
Dobin A, Davis CA, Schlesinger F, Drenkow J, Zaleski C, Jha S, Batut P, Chaisson M, Gingeras TR (2013) STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner. Bioinformatics 29:15–21. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts635
Wu TD, Reeder J, Lawrence M, Becker G, Brauer MJ (2016) GMAP and GSNAP for genomic sequence alignment: enhancements to speed, accuracy, and functionality. Methods Mol Biol 1418:283–334. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3578-9_15
Kim D, Langmead B, Salzberg SL (2015) HISAT: a fast spliced aligner with low memory requirements. Nat Methods 12:357–360. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.3317
Lo Giudice C, Silvestris DA, Roth SH, Eisenberg E, Pesole G, Gallo A, Picardi E (2020) Quantifying RNA editing in deep Transcriptome datasets. Front Genet 11:194. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.00194
Langmead B, Trapnell C, Pop M, Salzberg SL (2009) Ultrafast and memory-efficient alignment of short DNA sequences to the human genome. Genome Biol 10:R25. https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2009-10-3-r25
Li R, Yu C, Li Y, Lam T-W, Yiu S-M, Kristiansen K, Wang J (2009) SOAP2: an improved ultrafast tool for short read alignment. Bioinformatics 25:1966–1967. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btp336
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by ELIXIR-IIB and PRACE projects 2016163924 and 2018194670.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Lo Giudice, C. et al. (2021). RNA Editing Detection in HPC Infrastructures. In: Picardi, E. (eds) RNA Bioinformatics. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2284. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1307-8_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1307-8_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-1306-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-1307-8
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols