Skip to main content

Ensemble-Based Somatic Mutation Calling in Cancer Genomes

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
Bioinformatics for Cancer Immunotherapy

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 2120))

Abstract

Identification of somatic mutations in tumor tissue is challenged by both technical artifacts, diverse somatic mutational processes, and genetic heterogeneity in the tumors. Indeed, recent independent benchmark studies have revealed low concordance between different somatic mutation callers. Here, we describe Somatic Mutation calling method using a Random Forest (SMuRF), a portable ensemble method that combines the predictions and auxiliary features from individual mutation callers using supervised machine learning. SMuRF has improved prediction accuracy for both somatic point mutations (single nucleotide variants; SNVs) and small insertions/deletions (indels) in cancer genomes and exomes. Here, we describe the method and provide a tutorial on the installation and application of SMuRF.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Cibulskis K, Lawrence MS, Carter SL et al (2013) Sensitive detection of somatic point mutations in impure and heterogeneous cancer samples. Nat Biotechnol 31:213. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2514

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. Lai Z, Markovets A, Ahdesmaki M et al (2016) VarDict: a novel and versatile variant caller for next-generation sequencing in cancer research. Nucleic Acids Res 44(11):e108. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw227

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. Koboldt DC, Zhang Q, Larson DE et al (2012) VarScan 2: somatic mutation and copy number alteration discovery in cancer by exome sequencing. Genome Res 22(3):568–576. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.129684.111

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Kim S, Scheffler K, Halpern AL et al (2018) Strelka2: fast and accurate calling of germline and somatic variants. Nat Methods 15(8):591–594. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-018-0051-x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Hwang S, Kim E, Lee I et al (2015) Systematic comparison of variant calling pipelines using gold standard personal exome variants. Sci Rep 5:17875. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep17875

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Kroigard AB, Thomassen M, Laenkholm AV et al (2016) Evaluation of nine somatic variant callers for detection of somatic mutations in exome and targeted deep sequencing data. PLoS One 11(3):e0151664. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0151664

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. O'Rawe J, Jiang T, Sun G et al (2013) Low concordance of multiple variant-calling pipelines: practical implications for exome and genome sequencing. Genome Med 5(3):28. https://doi.org/10.1186/gm432

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Roberts ND, Kortschak RD, Parker WT et al (2013) A comparative analysis of algorithms for somatic SNV detection in cancer. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) 29(18):2223–2230. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btt375

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Alioto TS, Buchhalter I, Derdak S et al (2015) A comprehensive assessment of somatic mutation detection in cancer using whole-genome sequencing. Nat Commun 6:10001. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10001

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Huang W, Guo YA, Muthukumar K et al (2019) SMuRF: portable and accurate ensemble prediction of somatic mutations. Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) 35:3157–3159. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btz018

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Cingolani P, Platts A, Wang le L et al (2012) A program for annotating and predicting the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms, SnpEff: SNPs in the genome of Drosophila melanogaster strain w1118; iso-2; iso-3. Fly 6(2):80–92. https://doi.org/10.4161/fly.19695

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Weitai Huang .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature

About this protocol

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this protocol

Huang, W., Guo, Y.A., Chang, M.M., Skanderup, A.J. (2020). Ensemble-Based Somatic Mutation Calling in Cancer Genomes. In: Boegel, S. (eds) Bioinformatics for Cancer Immunotherapy. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2120. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0327-7_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0327-7_3

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-0326-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-0327-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics