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Clinical Manifestations of Neurological Disease

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West Nile Encephalitis Virus Infection

Part of the book series: Emerging Infectious Diseases of the 21 Century ((EIDC))

Abstract

Since its introduction into North America in 1999, there have been over 10,000 confirmed cases of West Nile virus (WNV) neuroinvasive disease, and WNV has become by a large margin, the most common cause of arboviral encephalitis in the U.S. Since the ratio of asymptomatic WNV infections exceeds the number of neuroinvasive cases by ~150:1 it can be estimated that more than 1.5 million individuals have been infected by WNV in the U.S. Although the overall mortality in confirmed cases of WNV is only ~4%, almost all the deaths occur in patients with encephalitis (Bode et al., 2006) and in this group mortality approaches 20%. In this chapter, we review the epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical manifestations of WNV neurologic disease as well as the prognosis and potential therapies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Infectious Diseases University of Colorado at Denver Health Sciences Center, Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center Denver, CO, USA

    J. David Beckham

  2. University of Colorado at Denver Health Sciences Center, Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center Denver, CO, USA

    Kenneth L. Tyler

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  1. J. David Beckham
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  2. Kenneth L. Tyler
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Beckham, J.D., Tyler, K.L. (2009). Clinical Manifestations of Neurological Disease. In: West Nile Encephalitis Virus Infection. Emerging Infectious Diseases of the 21st Century. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79840-0_4

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