Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Afshar, P. (2007). Efficacy of harm reduction measures in prisons of Islamic Republic of Iran. Presentation at the 18th International Conference on the Reduction of Drug Related Harm, May 13–17, 2007, Warsaw (Abstract 625).
Alemi, A. A., & Naraghi, M. N. (1978). The iceberg of opium addiction: An epidemiological survey of opium addiction in a rural community. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 3(2), 107–112.
Ardalan, A., Holakui-Na'ini, K., Mohseni-Tabrizi, A., & Jazayeri, A. (2002). Sex for survival: The future of runaway girls. Social Welfare Research Quarterly, 2, 187–219.
Bolhari, J., Alvandi, M., Afshar, P., Bayanzadeh, A., Rezaii, M., & Rahimi–Movaghar, A. (2002). Assessment of drug abuse in Iranian prisons. Unpublished report. United Nations Drug Control Programme (UNDCP) Iran, Drug Control Headquarters.
Farhoudi, B., Motevalian, A., Motamedi, M., Motevali Khameneh, M., Mohraz, M., Rassolinejad, M., et al. (2003). Human immunodeficiency virus and HIV – associated tuberculosis infection and their risk factors in injecting drug users in a prison in Iran. Circulated report, Drug Control Headquarters.
Gheiratmand, R., Navipour, R., Mohebbi M. R., & Mallik, A. K. (2005). Uncertainty on the number of HIV/AIDS patients: Our experience in Iran. Sexually Transmitted Infections, 81(3), 279–280.
Iran Drug Control Headquarters. (2005). Economics of drug abuse in Iran [in Persian]. Tehran: DCHQ.
Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Center for Disease Management. (2006, January). Islamic Republic of Iran HIV/AIDS situation and response analysis. Tehran: Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Center for Disease Management.
Jahani, M. R., Alavian, S. M., Shirzad, H., Kabir, A., & Hajarizadeh, B. (2005). Distribution and risk factors of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV infection in a female population with “illegal social behavior.” Sexually Transmitted Infections, 81(2), 185.
Kumar M. S. (2005). Review of HIV prevention and care for injecting drug users in Islamic Republic of Iran. Cairo: World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean.
Mohammad, K., Khalaj-abadi Farahani, F., Mohammadi, M. R., Alikhani, S., Zare, M., Ramezani-Tehrani, F., et al. (2007). Sexual risk-taking behaviors among boys aged 15–18 years in Tehran. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41(4), 407–414.
Mokri, A. (2002). Brief overview of the status of drug abuse in Iran. Archives of Iranian Medicine, 5(3), 184–90.
Mokri, A., Schottenfeld, R. S., Chawarski, M., & Ali, R. (2007,). Observational cohort study of methadone-maintained patients in Iran. Poster session presented at the 69th Annual Scientific Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence, June 16–21, 2007, Quebec.
Mokri A., Taherinakhost H. R., Chawarski M. C., & Schottenfeld, R. S. (2005). Opium dependence in Iran: A continuing habit with intriguing nature and course. Poster session presented at the 67th Annual Scientific Meeting of the College on Problems of Drug Dependence, June 18–25, 2005, Orlando.
Narenjiha, H. (2005). Rapid situation assessment of drug abuse and drug dependence in Iran. Circulated report [in Persian], Darius Institute.
Razzaghi, E. M., Mokri, A., & Vazirian, M. (2005). Effectiveness of methadone maintenance program in reducing illicit drug use and HIV related high-risk behavior: A multi-center study. Report to UNODC.
Razzaghi, E. M., Rahimi, A., Hosseini, M., Madani, S., & Chatterjee, A. (1999). Rapid Situation Assessment (RSA) of Drug Abuse in Iran (1998–1999). Tehran: Prevention Department, State Welfare Organization, Ministry of Health, I. R. of Iran, and United Nations International Drug Control Program.
Tavoosi, A., Zaferani, A., Enzevaei, A., Tajik, P., & Ahmadinezhad, Z. (2004). Knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS among Iranian students. BMC Public Health, 4, 17.
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). (2005). World Drug Report 2005 (UN Publication No. E.05.XI.10 ISBN 92-1-148200-3). Vienna: UNODC.
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). (2007, August). Afghanistan Opium Survey 2007: Executive Summary. Vienna: UNODC.
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). (2007). World Drug Report 2007 (UN Publication No. E.07.XI.5 978-92-1-148222-5). Slovakia: UNODC.
Yassami, M. T. (2002). Epidemiology of Drug Abuse in I.R. Iran Unpublished manuscript [in Persian]. I.R. Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education; Drug Control Headquarters.
Zamani, S., Kihara, M., Gouya, M. M., Vazirian, M., Nassirimanesh, B., Ono-Kihara, M. Ravari, S. M., Safaie, A., & Ichikawa, S. (2006). High prevalence of HIV infection associated with incarceration among community-based injecting drug users in Tehran, Iran. Journal of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, 42(3), 342–346.
Zamani, S., Kihara, M., Gouya, M. M., Vazirian, M., Ono-Kihara, M., Razzaghi, E. M., & Ichikawa, S. (2005). Prevalence of and factors associated with HIV-1 infection among drug users visiting treatment centers in Tehran, Iran. AIDS, 19(7), 709–716.
Zargooshi, J. (2002). Characteristics of gonorrhoea in Kermanshah, Iran. Sexually Transmitted Infections, 78(6), 460–461.
Ziaaddini, H., & Ziaaddini, M. R. (2005). The household survey of drug abuse in Kerman, Iran. Journal of Applied Science, 5(2), 380–382.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mokri, A., Schottenfeld, R. (2008). Drug Abuse and HIV Transmission in Iran—Responding to the Public Health Challenges. In: Celentano, D.D., Beyrer, C. (eds) Public Health Aspects of HIV/AIDS in Low and Middle Income Countries. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72711-0_26
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72711-0_26
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-72710-3
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-72711-0
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)