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Oxidants and Antioxidants

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Molecular Pathology of Lung Diseases

Part of the book series: Molecular Pathology Library ((MPLB,volume 1))

Abstract

Oxidants are an important source of injury to cells and tissues. The lung is exposed to significantly more oxidants than are most other organs. The lung is unique because of its large epithelial surface area that is directly exposed to high levels of oxygen tension, that is, oxygen pressure in inhaled air is 20 kPa (150 mm Hg). Ambient air contains additional oxidants, including cigarette smoke, asbestos fibers, mineral dust, and environmental carcinogens. A common component in most lung disease is activation of the inflammatory response, which leads to the generation of a relatively large quantity of oxidants. Even some therapeutic interventions, such as ventilation and oxygen therapy in the treatment of prematurely born neonates and acute respiratory distress syndrome, or chemotherapeutic agents, including bleomycin, carmustine, and anthracyclines, enhance oxidant burden to lung tissue.1 Thus, the lung represents a unique tissue exposed not only directly to external environmental oxidants under nor mal conditions but also to inflammation- and therapy-associated oxidants in disease state.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Hanzhong Liu MD, PhD (Scientist)

  2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Gary A. Visner DO (Associate Professor)

Authors
  1. Hanzhong Liu MD, PhD
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  2. Gary A. Visner DO
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA

    Dani S. Zander MD

  2. Institute of Pathology, Laboratories for Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

    Helmut H. Popper MD

  3. Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA

    Jaishree Jagirdar MD

  4. Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY

    Abida K. Haque MD

  5. Department of Pathology, San Jacinto Methodist Hospital, Baytown, TX, USA

    Abida K. Haque MD

  6. Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY

    Philip T. Cagle MD  & Roberto Barrios MD  & 

  7. The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA

    Philip T. Cagle MD  & Roberto Barrios MD  & 

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Liu, H., Visner, G.A. (2008). Oxidants and Antioxidants. In: Zander, D.S., Popper, H.H., Jagirdar, J., Haque, A.K., Cagle, P.T., Barrios, R. (eds) Molecular Pathology of Lung Diseases. Molecular Pathology Library, vol 1. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72430-0_44

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72430-0_44

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-72429-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-72430-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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