Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research ((HSSR))

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adler, N. E., and Newman, K. “Socioeconomic Disparities in Health: Pathways and Policies.” Health Affairs, 2002, 21(2): 60–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allison, D. B., Fontaine, K. R., Manson, J. E., Stevens, J., and Van Itallie, T. B. “Annual Deaths Attributable to Obesity in the United States.” Journal of the American Medical Association, 1999, 282:1530–1538.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • American Heart Association. Heart and Stroke Statistical Update: 1999.Dallas, TX: Author, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, R. N., and Smith, B. L. “Deaths: Leading Causes for 2001.” National Vital Statistics Reports, 2003, 52(9):1–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baca-Zinn, M., and Dill, B. T. “Theorizing Difference from Multiracial Feminism.” Feminist Studies, 1996, 22(2):321–333.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bent, K. N. “The People Know What They Want: An Empowerment Process of Sustainable Ecological Community Health.” Advances in Nursing Science, 2003, 26(3):215–226.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bird, C. “Gender, Household Labor, and Psychological Distress: The Impact of the Amount and Division of Housework.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 1999, 40:32–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Braun, L. “Race, Ethnicity, and Health: Can Genetics, Explain Disparities?” Perspectives in Biological Medicine, 2002, 45:159–174.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Breen, N. “Social Discrimination and Health: Understanding Gender and Its Interaction with Other Social Determinants” [http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/Organizations/healthnet/Hupapers/gender/breen.html] Oct. 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bullers, S. “Women’s Roles and Health: The Mediating Effect of Perceived Control.” Women and Health, 1994, 22(2):11–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carlisle, D. M., Leake, B. D., and Shapiro, M. F. “Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Use of Invasive Cardiac Procedures among Cardiac Patients in Los Angeles County, 1986 through 1988.” American Journal of Public Health, 1995, 85(3):352–356.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carter-Pokras, O., and Baquet, C. “What Is a Health Disparity?” Public Health Reports, 2002, 117:426–434.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Casper, M. L., Barnett, E., Halverson, J. A., Elmes, G. A, Braham, V. E., Majeed, Z. A., et al. Women and Heart Disease: An Atlas of Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Mortality (2nd edition).Morgantown, WV: Office for Social Environment and Health Research, West Virginia University, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report, 2004,Vol. 16. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2005. Also available at: http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/stats/hasrlink.htm.

    Google Scholar 

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The Burden of Chronic Diseases and Their Risk Factors: National and State Perspectives 2004a.Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2004a.

    Google Scholar 

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (producer). Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS) [Online],2004b. Available online from: http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/wisqars/default.htm (accessed June 21, 2004).

    Google Scholar 

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Smoking-Attributable Mortality and Years of Potential Life Lost—United States, 1990.” MMWR, 1993, 42(33):645–648.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarke, A., and Olesen, V. (eds.) Revisioning Women, Health, and Healing: Feminist, Cultural, and Technoscience Perspectives. New York: Routledge, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cleeland, C. S., Gonin, R., Baez, L., Loehrer, P., and Pandya, K. J. “Pain and Treatment of Pain in Minority Patients with Cancer. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Minority Outpatient Pain Study.” Annals of Internal Medicine, 1997, 127, 9:813–816.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins, P. H. Black Feminist Thought. Second Edition. New York: Routledge, 2000a.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins, P. H. “Moving Beyond Gender: Intersectionality and Scientific Knowledge.” In M. M. Ferree, J. Lorber, and B. Hess (eds.), Revisioning Gender(pp. 261–284). New York: Roman and Littlefield, 2000b.

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins, P. H. Fighting Words: Black Women and the Search for Justice. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook-Deegan, R., The Gene Wars: Science, Politics, and the Human Genome. New York: W. W. Norton, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cooper, R. S., Kaufman, J. S., and Ward, R. “Race and Genomics.” New England Journal of Medicine, 2003, 348:1166–1170.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Downie, R. S., Fyfe, C., and Tannahill, A. Health Promotion Models and Values. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eberhardt, M. S., Ingram, D. D., and Makuc, D. M. “Urban and Rural Health Chartbook.” Health, United States, 2001. Hyattsville, MD: NCHS, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fine, M. J. “The Role of Race and Genetics in Health Disparities Research.” American Journal of Public Health, 2005, 95(12):2125–2128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ford, E., Newman, J., and Deosaransingh, K. “Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Use of Cardiovascular Procedures: Findings from the California Cooperative Cardiovascular Project.” American Journal of Public Health, 2000, 90:1128–1134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glanz, K., Lankenau, B., Foerster, S., Temple, S., Mullis, R., and Schmid, T. “Environmental and Policy Approaches to Cardiovascular Disease Prevention through Nutrition: Opportunities for State and Local Action.” Health Education Quarterly, 1995, 22(4):512–527.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goff, D. J. Jr., Nichaman, M. Z., Ramsey, D. J., Meyer, P. S., and Labarthe, D. R. “A Population Based Assessment of the Use and Effectiveness of Thrombolytic Therapy. The Corpus Christi Heart Project.” Annals of Epidemiology, 1995, 5(3):171–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hofrichter, R. “The Politics of Health Inequities: Contested Terrain.” In Hofrichter, R. (ed.), Health and Social Justice: Politics, Ideology, and Inequity in the Distribution of Disease(pp. 1–56). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • House, J. S. “Understanding Social Factors and Inequalities in Health: 20th Century Progress and 21st Century Prospects.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 2002, 43(2):125–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • House, J. S., and Williams, D. R. “Understanding and Reducing Socioeconomic and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Health.” In B. D. Smedley and S. L. Syme, Promoting Health: Interventions Strategies from Social and Behavioral Research(pp. 81–124). Washington, DC: 284 National Academy Press, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Institute of Medicine. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care.B. A. Smedley, A. Y. Stith, and A. R. Nelson (eds). Committee on Understanding and Eliminating Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care, Board on Health Sciences Policy, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Institute of Medicine. The Future of the Public’s Health in the 21st Century.Committee on Assuring the Health of the Public in the 21st Century. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Israel, B. A., Shulz, A. J., Parker, E. A., and Becker, A. B. “Review of Community-based Research: Assessing Partnership Approaches to Improve Public Health.” Annual Review of Public Health, 1998, 19:173–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, C. L., and Sempos, C. T. “Socioeconomic Status and Biomedical, Lifestyle, and Psychosocial Risk Factors for CVD: Selected US National Data and Trends.” Report of the Conference on Socioeconomic Status and CVD Health and Disease, November 6–7.USDHHS-PHS-NIH-NHLBI, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaiser Family Foundation. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Women’s Health Coverage and Access to Care: Findings from the 2001 Kaiser Women’s Health Survey.Issue Brief, March 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kneipp, S. M., and Drevdahl, D. “Problems with Parsimony in Research on Socioeconomic Determinants of Health.” Advances in Nursing Science, 2003, 26(3):162–172.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kochanek, K. D., Murphy, S. L., Anderson, R. N., and Scott, C. “Deaths: Final Data for 2002.” National Vital Statistics Reports, Vol. 53, no. 5. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krieger, N. “Stormy Weather: Race, Gene Expression, and the Science of Health Disparities,” American Journal of Public Health, 2005, 95(12):2155–2160.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krieger, N. “Embodying Inequality: A Review of Concepts, Measures, and Methods for Studying Health Consequences of Discrimination.” International Journal of Health Services, 1999, 29(2):295–353.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krieger, N., and Fee, E. “Man-Made Medicine and Women’s Health: The Biopolitics of Sex/Gender and Race/ Ethnicity.” International Journal of Health Services, 1994a, 24(1):265–283.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krieger, N., and Fee, E. “Social Class: The Missing Link in US Health Data.” International Journal of Health Services, 1994b, 24(1):25–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krieger, N., Rowley, D., Herman, A., Avery, B., and Phillips, M. “Racism, Sexism, and Social Class: Implications for Studies of Health, Disease, and Well-Being.” American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 1993, 9(6, supplement): 82–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krieger, N., Williams, D. R., and Moss, N. E. “Measuring Social Class in US Public Health Research: Concepts, Methodologies, and Guidelines.” Annual Review of Public Health, 1997, 18:341–378.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuczmarski, R. L., and Flegal, K.M. “Criteria for Definition of Overweight in Transition: Background and Recommendations for the United States.” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2000, 72:1074–1081.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lantz, P. M., House, J. S., Lepkowski, J. M., Williams, D. R., Mero, R. P., and Chen, J. “Socioeconomic Factors, Health Behaviors, and Mortality.” Journal of the American Medical Association, 1998, 279:1703–1708.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, S. S., Mountain, J., and Koenig, B. A. “The Meanings of ‘Race’ in the New Genomics: Implications for Health Disparities Research.” Yale Journal of Health Policy Law Ethics,2001, Spring (1):33–75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Link, B. G., and Phelan, J. C. “Evaluating the Fundamental Cause Explanation for Social Disparities in Health.” In C. Bird, P. Conrad, and A. M. Fremont (eds.), Handbook of Medical Sociology (5th ed.)(pp. 33–46). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Link, B. G., and Phelan, J. C. “Understanding Sociodemographic Differences in Health: The Role of Fundamental Causes.” American Journal of Public Health, 1996, 86:471–473.

    Google Scholar 

  • Link, B. G., and Phelan, J. C. “Social Conditions as Fundamental Causes of Disease.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 1995 (extra issue):80–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matthews, S., Hertzman, C., Ostry, A., and Power, C. “Gender, Work Roles, and Psychosocial Work Characteristics as Determinants of Health.” Social Science and Medicine, 1998, 46:1417–1424.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGinnis, J. M., and Foege, W. H. “Actual Causes of Death in the United States.” Journal of the American Medical Association, 1993, 270:2207–2212.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McLeroy, D. R., Norton, B. L., Kegler, M. C., Burdine, J. N., and Sumaya, C. V. “Community-based Interventions.” American Journal of Public Health, 2003, 93(4):529–533.

    Google Scholar 

  • McLeroy, K. R., Bibeau, D., Steckler, A., and Glanz, K. “An Ecological Perspective on Health Promotion Programs.” Health Education Quarterly, 1988, 15(4):351–377.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merzel, C., and D’Afflitti, J. “Reconsidering Community-based Health Promotion: Promise, Performance, and Potential.” American Journal of Public Health, 2003, 93(4):557–574.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mies, M. “Women’s Research or Feminist Research? The Debate Surrounding Feminist Science and Methodology.” In J. Cook, and M. M. Fonow (eds.), Beyond Methodology: Feminist Scholarship as Lived Research(pp. 60–84). Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mies, M. “Towards a Methodology for Feminist Research.” In G. Bowles and R. D. Klein (eds.), Theories of Women’s Studies(pp. 117–139), London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  • Minkler, M., and Wallerstein, N. (eds.) Community-based Participatory Research for Health, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mokdad, A. H., Marks, J. S., Stroup, D. F., and Gerberding, J. L. “Actual Causes of Death in the United States, 2000.” Journal of the American Medical Association, 2004, 291:1238–1245.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mokad, A. H., Serdula, M. K., Dietz, W. H., Bowman, B. A., Marks, J. S., and Koplan, J. P. “The Spread of Obesity Epidemic in the United States, 1991–1998.” Journal of the American Medical Association, 1999, 282:1519–1522.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morgen, S. “Movement Grounded Theory: Analysis of Health Inequities in the United States.” In L. Mullings and A. Schulz (eds.), Race, Class, Gender and Health(pp. 394–423), San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgen, S. Into Our Own Hands: The Women’s Health Movement in the United States 1969–1990. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mullings, L. “African-American Women Making Themselves: Notes on the Role of Black Feminist Research.” Souls: A Critical Journal of Black Politics, Culture, and Society, 2000, 2(4):18–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mullings, L. “The Sojourner Syndrome: Race, Class, and Gender in Health and Illness.” Voices, 2002 (December): 32–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mullings, L., and Wali, A. Stress and Resilience: The Social Context of Reproduction in Central Harlem. New York: Kluwer Academic, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mullings, L. “Interrogating Racism: Toward an Antiracist Anthropology.” Annual Review of Anthropology, 2005, 34:667–693.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Must, A., Spadano, J., Coakley, E. H., Field, A. E., Colditz, G., and Dietz, W. H. “The Disease Burden Associated with Overweight and Obesity.” Journal of the American Medical Association, 1999, 282:1523–1529.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Naples, N. Feminism and Method: Ethnography, Discourse Analysis, and Activist Research. New York: Taylor & Francis, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Women’s Health Project. Congressional Black Caucus Health Brain Trust, and U.S. Senate Black Legislative Staff Caucus. National Colloquium on Black Women’s Health.Washington, DC: Congressional Black Caucus Health Brain Trust and U.S. Senate Black Legislative Staff Caucus, April 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2005 with Chartbook on Trends in the Health of Americans.Hyattsville, MD, 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2004 with Chartbook on Trends in the Health of Americans.Hyattsville, MD, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDKD). “National Diabetes Statistics Fact Sheet: General Information and National Estimates on Diabetes in the United States, 2005.” Bethesda, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Institutes of Health/Office of Women’s Health Research. FY 2006 NIH Research Priorities for Women’s Health, 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Institutes of Health/Office of Behavioral and Social Science Report. Towards Higher Levels of Analysis: Progress and Promise in Research on Social and Cultural Dimensions of Health: Executive Summary.Washington, DC: NIH Publication No. 21–5020, September 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Institutes of Health and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults.Washington, DC: Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Services, 1998, p. 23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Navarro, V. “Race or Class Versus Race and Class: Mortality Differentials in the United States.” The Lancet, 1990, 342:1238–1240.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ng, B., Dimsdale, J. E., Rollnik, J. D., and Shapiro, H. “The Effect of Ethnicity on Prescriptions for Patient-Controlled Analgesia for Post-Operative Pain.” Pain, 1996, 66(1):9–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oaks, L. Smoking and Pregnancy: The Politics of Fetal Protection. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parra-Medina, D., and Fore, E. “Behavioral Studies.” In B. M. Beech and M. Goodmand (eds.), Race and Research(pp. 101–112), Washington, DC: American Public Health Association, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • Omi, M., and Winant, H. Racial Formation in the United States from the 1960s to the 1990s. New York: Routledge, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pavalko, E. K., and Woodbury, S. “Social Roles as Process: Caregiving Careers and Women’s Health.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 2000, 41:91–105.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robert, S. A., and House, J. S. “Socioeconomic Inequalities in Health: Integrating Individual-, Community-, and Societal-Level Theory and Research.” In G. L. Albrecht, R. Fitzpatrick, and S. C. Scrimshaw (eds.), Handbook of Social Studies in Health and Medicine(pp. 115–135), Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications Ltd., 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roth, R. Making Women Pay: The Hidden Cost of Fetal Rights. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rothman, B. K. Genetic Maps and Human Imagination: The Limits of Science in Understanding Who We Are, New York: W.W. Norton, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruzek, S. “How Might the Women’s Health Movement Shape National Agendas on Women and Aging?” Women’s Health Issues, 2004, 14:112–114.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ruzek, S. “Rethinking Feminist Ideologies and Actions: Thoughts on the Past and Future of Health Reform.” In A. Clarke & V. Olesen (eds.), Revisioning Women, Health, and Healing: Feminist, Cultural, and Technoscience Perspectives(pp. 303–323), New York: Routledge, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruzek, S., and Becker, J. “The Women’s Health Movement in the U.S: From Grassroots Activism to Professional Agendas.” Journal of American Medical Women’s Association, 1999, 54(1):4–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruzek, S., Clarke, A., and Olesen, V. “What Are the Dynamics of Difference?” In S. Ruzek, V. Olesen, and A. Clarke (eds.), Women’s Health: Complexities and Differences(pp. 51–95), Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruzek, S., Olesen, V., and Clarke, A. (eds.) Women’s Health: Complexities and Differences, Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schoendorf, K. C. et al., Mortality Among Infants of Black as Compared to White College-Educated Parents, New England Journal of Medicine, 1992, 326:1522–1526.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schulz, A. J., and Mullings, L. (eds.). Gender, Race, Class, and Health: Intersectional Approaches, San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 006.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shim, J. “Understanding the Routinized Inclusion of Race, Socioeconomic Status and Sex in Epidemiology: The Utility of Concepts from Technoscience Studies.” Sociology of Health and Illness, 2002, 24(2):129–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smedley, B. D., and Syme, S. L. (eds.). Institute of Medicine Report. Promoting Health: Intervention Strategies from Social and Behavioral Research, Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smedley, B. D., Stith, A.Y., and Nelson, A.R. (eds.) Institute of Medicine Report. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care, Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, S. Sick and Tired of Being Sick and Tired: Black Women’s Health Activism in America, 1890–1950, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sorlie, P. D., Johnson, N. J., and Backlund, E. “Socioeconomic Status and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: National Longitudinal Mortality Study.” In Report of the Conference on Socioeconomic Status and Cardiovascular Health and Disease, November 6–7, 1995,USDHHS-PHS-NIH-NHLBI (pp. 23–26), 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  • Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (www.seer.cancer.gov) SEER*Stat Database: Mortality - All COD, Public-Use With State, Total U.S. (1969–2002), National Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program, Cancer Statistics Branch, released April 2005. Underlying mortality data provided by NCHS (www.cdc.gov/nchs).

    Google Scholar 

  • Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (www.seer.cancer.gov) SEER*Stat Database: Incidence - SEER 9 Regs Public-Use, Nov 2004 Sub (1973–2002), National Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program, Cancer Statistics Branch, released April 2005, based on the November 2004 submission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swanson, N. G., Piotrkowski, C. S., Keita, G. P., and Becker, A. B. “Occupational Stress and Women’s Health”. In S. J. Gallant, G. P. Keita, and R. Royak-Schaler (eds.), Health Care for Women: Psychological, Social, and Behavioral Influences(pp. 147–159), Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 1997.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Teare, C., and English, A. “Women, Girls, and the HIV Epidemic,” In K. L. Moss (ed.), Man-Made Medicine: Women’s Health, Public Policy, and Reform(pp. 123–160), Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  • Treichler, P.A. How to Have Theory in an Epidemic: Cultural Chronicles of AIDS, Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Bureau of the Census, Census 2000 Redistricting (Public Law 94–171) Summary File, Tables PL1 and PL2.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS). Morbidity and Mortality: 2002 Chartbook on Cardiovascular, Lung, and Blood Diseases(pp. 5–14), USDHHS-PHS-NIH-NHLBI, May 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Surgeon General’s Call to Action to Prevent and Decrease Overweight and Obesity,Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Office of the Surgeon General, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Healthy People 2010: Understanding and Improving Health, 2nd ed.Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • UNAIDS/WHO. AIDS Epidemic Update: December 2005. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) World Health Organization (WHO), 2005, www.unaids.org.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ventura, S. J., Martin, J. A., Curtin, S. C., Mathews, and Park, M. M. Births: Final Data for 1998. National Vital Statistics Report 48(3). Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waldron, I., Weiss, C. C., and Hughes, M. E. “Interacting Effects of Multiple Roles on Women’s Health.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 1998, 39:216–236.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wallack, L. “The Role of Mass Media in Creating Social Capital: A New Direction for Public Health.” In B. D. Smedley and S. L. Syme (eds.), Promoting Health: Intervention Strategies from Social and Behavioral Research (pp. 337–365), Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wallerstein, N., and Bernstein, E. “Empowerment Education—Freirian Ideas Adapted to Health Education.” Health Education Quarterly, 1988, 15(4):379–394.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wallerstein, N., and Sanchez-Merki, V. “Freirian-Praxis in Health Education—Research Results from an Adolescent Prevention Program.” Health Education Research, 1994, 9(1):105–118.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weber, L. “Reconstructing the Landscape of Health Disparities Research: Promoting Dialogue and Collaboration between the Feminist Intersectional and Positivist Biomedical Traditions.” In L. Mullings and A. Schulz (eds.), Race, Class, Gender and Health(pp. 21–59), San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weber, L., and Parra-Medina, D. “Intersectionality and Women’s Health: Charting a Path to Eliminating Health Disparities.” In V. Demos and M. T. Segal (eds.), Advances in Gender Research: Gender Perspectives on Health and Medicine(pp. 181–230), Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2003.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Weisman, C. S. Women’s Health Care: Activist Traditions and Institutional Change, Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitehead, M. The Concepts and Principles of Equity and Health.WHO/EURO, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, D. R. “Racial/Ethnic Variations in Women’s Health: The Social Imbeddedness of Health.” American Journal of Public Health, 2002, 92(4):588–597.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, D. R. “Race and Health: Basic Questions, Emerging Directions.” Annals of Epidemiology, 1997, 7(5):322–333.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, D. R. “Socioeconomic Differential in Health: A Review and Redirection.” Social Psychology Quarterly, 1990, 53:31–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Woliver, L. The Political Geographies of Pregnancy. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Press, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zambrana, R. E. “Improving Access and Quality for Ethnic Minority Women: Panel Discussion.” Women’s Health Issues, 2001, 11(4):354–359.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zambrana, R. E. “A Research Agenda on Issues Affecting Poor and Minority Women: A Model for Understanding Their Health Needs.” Women and Health, 1987, Winter:137–160.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Springer Science + Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Weber, L., Fore, M.E. (2007). Race, Ethnicity, and Health: An Intersectional Approach. In: Vera, H., Feagin, J.R. (eds) Handbooks of the Sociology of Racial and Ethnic Relations. Handbooks of Sociology and Social Research. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70845-4_12

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics