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An Evolutionary Model for Identifying Genetic Adaptation to High Altitude

  • Conference paper
Hypoxia and Exercise

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 588))

Abstract

Coordinated maternal/fetal responses to pregnancy are required to ensure continuous O2 delivery to the developing organism. Mammals employ distinctive reproductive strategies that afford their young an improved chance of survival through the completion or the reproductive period. Thus, mortality prior to the end of the reproductive period is concentrated in the earliest phases of the lifecycle. At high altitude, fetal growth restriction reduces birth weight and likely compromises survival during the early postnatal period. Population variation in the frequency of the altitude-associated increase in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) demonstrates that multigenerational Tibetan and Andean high-altitude populations are protected compared with shorter duration, European or Han (Chinese) residents. This experiment of nature permits testing the hypothesis that genetic factors (a) influence susceptibility to altitude-associated IUGR, (b) act on maternal vascular adjustments to pregnancy determining uteroplacental blood flow, and (c) involve genes which regulate and/or are regulated by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Serial, studies during pregnancy as well as postpartum in Andean and European residents of high (3600 m) and low (300 m) altitude will permit evaluation of whether uteroplacental O2 delivery is lower in the European than Andean women and, if so, the physiological factors responsible. Comparisons of HIF-targeted vasoactive substances and SNPs in or near HIF-regulatory or targeted genes will permit determination of whether these regions are distinctive in the Andean population. Studies coupling genetic and genomic approaches with more traditional physiological measures may be productively employed for determining the genetic mechanisms influencing physiological adaptation to high altitude.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Colorado Center for Altitude Medicine and Physiology (Division of Emergency Medicine),PhD Program in Health and Behavioral Science, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA

    Lorna G. Moore

  2. Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA

    Mark Shriver

  3. Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO

    Lynne Bemis

  4. Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura, La Paz, Bolivia

    Enrique Vargas

Authors
  1. Lorna G. Moore
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  2. Mark Shriver
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  3. Lynne Bemis
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  4. Enrique Vargas
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Altitude Research Center, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Mail Stop F524, PO Box 6508, Aurora, Colorado, 80045-0508

    Robert C. Roach Ph.D. (Research Director) (Research Director)

  2. UCSD Dept Medicine, 0623 9500 Gilman Avenue, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0623

    Peter D. Wagner

  3. Telluride Medical Center, 500 W. Pacific, Telluride, Colorado, 81435

    Peter H. Hackett

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© 2006 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

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Moore, L.G., Shriver, M., Bemis, L., Vargas, E. (2006). An Evolutionary Model for Identifying Genetic Adaptation to High Altitude. In: Roach, R.C., Wagner, P.D., Hackett, P.H. (eds) Hypoxia and Exercise. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 588. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-34817-9_10

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