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Understanding the Role of Innate Immunity in the Mechanism of Action of the Live Attenuated Yellow Fever Vaccine 17D

  • Conference paper
Crossroads between Innate and Adaptive Immunity

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 590))

Abstract

The live attenuated Yellow Fever Vaccine 17D [YF-17D] is one of the most effective vaccines available. During the 70 years since its development, the vaccine has been administered to more than 400 million people worldwide with minimal incident of severe side effects. Despite its efficacy, the immunological mechanisms that mediate its efficacy are poorly understood. Here we review the development of YF-17D in a historical context, and then present some emerging evidence which suggests that YF-17D activates multiple Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on dendritic cells (DCs) to elicit a broad spectrum of innate and adaptive immune responses. Interestingly, the resulting adaptive immune responses are characterized by a mixed T helper cell (Th)1/Th2 cytokine profile and antigenspecific CD8(+) T cells, and distinct TLRs appear to differentially control the Th1/Th2 balance. These data offer some new insights into the molecular mechanism of action of YF-17D, and highlight the potential of vaccination strategies that use combinations of different TLR ligands to stimulate polyvalent immune responses.

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  1. Department of Pathology and Emory Vaccine Center, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, Georgia, 30329, USA

    Troy D. Querec & Bali Pulendran

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  1. Troy D. Querec
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  2. Bali Pulendran
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  1. Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Peter D. Katsikis

  2. La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA

    Stephen P. Schoenberger

  3. Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    Bali Pulendran

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Querec, T.D., Pulendran, B. (2007). Understanding the Role of Innate Immunity in the Mechanism of Action of the Live Attenuated Yellow Fever Vaccine 17D. In: Katsikis, P.D., Schoenberger, S.P., Pulendran, B. (eds) Crossroads between Innate and Adaptive Immunity. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 590. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-34814-8_3

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