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Lipids in Neural Tumors

  • Reference work entry
Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology

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Abstract:

It has long been appreciated that the formation of neural tumors is accompanied by profound changes in the composition of a wide variety of different lipids. Recent years have seen a major increase in knowledge of the molecular biological roles played by lipids in these tumors, which has led to the identification of lipids, the enzymes that metabolize them and the pathways they regulate as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers and as possible therapeutic targets for these devastating malignancies. This chapter will summarize the current knowledge in this field.

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Abbreviations

CDK:

cyclin-dependent kinase

COX:

cyclooxygenase

CREB:

cyclicAMP response element binding protein

EGF:

epidermal growth factor

ERK:

extracellular signal-regulated kinase

GBM:

glioblastoma multiforme

GLA:

γ-linolenic acid

GSL:

glycosphingolipids

JNK:

Jun N-terminal kinase

LOX:

lipoxygenase

MAP:

mitogen-activated protein

MMP:

matrix metalloproteinase

NK:

natural killer cell

NSAIDs:

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

PDGF:

platelet-derived growth factor

PI:

phosphatidylinositol

PKC:

protein kinase C

PNET:

primitive neural ectodermal tumor

PPARγ:

proliferator activated receptor

PTEN:

phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10

PUFAs:

polyunsaturated fatty acids

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

S1P:

sphingosine-1-phosphate

SphK:

sphingosine kinase

VEGF:

vascular endothelial growth factor

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Acknowledgments

The author thanks Dr. Hany Saqr for helpful recommendations regarding glycosphingolipids. Work in the author's laboratory was supported by Grant # R01 NS41517 from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS).

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  1. J. R. Van Brocklyn
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Neurochemistry, Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, 10962, Orangeburg, New York, USA

    Abel Lajtha (Director) (Director)

  2. Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Via Saldini 50, 20133, Milan, Italy

    Guido Tettamanti

  3. Department of Internal Medicine Section of Biochemistry, University of Perugia, via del Giochetto, 06122, Perugia, Italy

    Gianfrancesco Goracci

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Van Brocklyn, J.R. (2009). Lipids in Neural Tumors. In: Lajtha, A., Tettamanti, G., Goracci, G. (eds) Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30378-9_21

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