Antiviral Effects of Inhibiting Host Gene Expression

Tripp, Ralph A.; Mark Tompkins, S.

doi:10.1007/82_2014_409

Ralph A. Tripp¹⁵ &
S. Mark Tompkins¹⁵

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 386))

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Abstract

RNA interference (RNAi) has been used to probe the virus-host interface to understand the requirements for host-gene expression needed for virus replication. The availability of arrayed siRNA libraries has enabled a genome-scale, high-throughput analysis of gene pathways usurped for virus replication. Results from these and related screens have led to the discovery of new host factors that regulate virus replication. While effective delivery continues to limit development of RNAi-based drugs, RNAi-based genome discovery has led to identification of druggable targets. These validated targets enable rational development of novel antiviral drugs, including the rescue and repurposing of existing, approved drugs. Existing drugs with known cytotoxicity and mechanisms of action can potentially be re-targeted to regulate host genes and gene products needed by influenza to replicate. Drug repositioning is more cost-effective, less time-consuming, and more effective for anti-influenza virus drug discovery than traditional methods. In this chapter, a general overview of RNAi screening methods, host-gene discovery, and drug repurposing is examined with emphasis on utilizing RNAi to identify druggable genes that can be targeted for drug development or repurposing.

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Department of Infectious Disease, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
Ralph A. Tripp & S. Mark Tompkins

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Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
Michael B. A. Oldstone
IDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Richard W. Compans

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Tripp, R.A., Mark Tompkins, S. (2014). Antiviral Effects of Inhibiting Host Gene Expression. In: Oldstone, M., Compans, R. (eds) Influenza Pathogenesis and Control - Volume II. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 386. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2014_409

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2014_409
Published: 11 July 2014
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
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