Abstract
Sex and Gender Science seeks to better acknowledge that the body cannot be removed from the world it inhabits. We believe that to best answer any neuroscience question, the biological and the social need to be addressed through both objective means to learn, “how it is like” and subjective means to learn, “what it is like.” We call bringing the biological and social together, “Situated Neuroscience” and the mixing of approaches to do so, Very Mixed Methods. Taken together, they constitute an approach to Sex and Gender Science. In this chapter, we describe neural phenomena for which considering sex and gender together produces a fuller knowledge base: sleep, pain, memory, and concussion. For these brain phenomena examples, studying only quantitative measures does not reveal the full impact of these lived experiences on the brain but studying only the qualitative would not reveal how the brain responds. We discuss how Sex and Gender Science allows us to begin to bring together biology and its social context and acknowledge where context can contribute to resolving ignorance to offer more expansive, complementary, and interrelating pictures of an intricate neuro-landscape.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Wilfred and Joyce Posluns Chair in Women’s Brain Health and Aging (GE; WJP-150643), Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR, GE; CAN 163902), Canadian Cancer Society (GE; 310336), Ontario Brain Institute (GE), Alzheimer’s Society of Canada (GE), Women’s Brain Health Initiative (GE), Jacqueline Ford Gender and Health Fund (GE), Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC, AB; PGSD3-546667-2020), CIHR Master’s Award (AB; LK), General Motors Women in Science and Mathematics Award (AB), Ontario Graduate Scholarship (MP), CIHR Sex and Gender Science Chair in Immunity (RS; GS7-171367).
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Brown, A., Karkaby, L., Perovic, M., Shafi, R., Einstein, G. (2022). Sex and Gender Science: The World Writes on the Body. In: Gibson, C., Galea, L.A.M. (eds) Sex Differences in Brain Function and Dysfunction. Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences, vol 62. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2022_304
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