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Perinatal 192 IgG-Saporin as Neuroteratogen

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Neurotoxin Modeling of Brain Disorders—Life-long Outcomes in Behavioral Teratology

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences ((CTBN,volume 29))

Abstract

The immunotoxin 192 IgG-saporin selectively destroys basal forebrain cholinergic neurons that provide cholinergic input to the hippocampus, entire cortical mantle, amygdala, and olfactory bulb. Perinatal immunotoxic lesions by 192 IgG-saporin induce long-lasting cholinergic depletion mimicking a number of developmental disorders reported in humans. The perinatal injection of 192 IgG-saporin induces several brain modifications, which are observed in neocortex and hippocampus at short and long term. These plastic changes involve both structural (alterations in brain volume, neuronal morphology, and neurogenesis) and molecular (modulations of the levels of neurotransmitters and other proteins related to neurodegeneration) levels. Moreover, the perinatal injection of 192 IgG-saporin may interact with the brain plastic capacity to react to other injuries. Perinatal 192 IgG-saporin lesions allowed investigating the role of the basal forebrain cholinergic system in modulating behavioral functions in developing as well as adult rats. After perinatal cholinergic depletion, rats display reduced ultrasonic vocalizations as neonates, learning and exploratory deficits as juveniles, altered discriminative abilities, impulsive and perseverative behaviors, and memory deficits as adults. Overall, these findings underline the importance of cholinergic system integrity for the development of specific structural and functional features.

Debora Cutuli and Francesca Gelfo—Both the authors equally contributed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00143, Rome, Italy

    Laura Petrosini, Paola De Bartolo, Debora Cutuli & Francesca Gelfo

  2. Department of Psychology, University Sapienza of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185, Rome, Italy

    Laura Petrosini & Debora Cutuli

  3. Department of Sociological and Psychopedagogical Studies, University Guglielmo Marconi of Rome, Via Plinio 44, 00193, Rome, Italy

    Paola De Bartolo

  4. Department of Systemic Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy

    Francesca Gelfo

Authors
  1. Laura Petrosini
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  2. Paola De Bartolo
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  3. Debora Cutuli
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  4. Francesca Gelfo
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Correspondence to Laura Petrosini .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA

    Richard M. Kostrzewa

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Trevor Archer

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Petrosini, L., De Bartolo, P., Cutuli, D., Gelfo, F. (2015). Perinatal 192 IgG-Saporin as Neuroteratogen. In: Kostrzewa, R.M., Archer, T. (eds) Neurotoxin Modeling of Brain Disorders—Life-long Outcomes in Behavioral Teratology. Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences, vol 29. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2015_418

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