Abstract
Gene therapy provides a promising approach for regeneration and repair of injured bone. Application of gene therapy has displayed increased efficiency in various animal models and preclinical trials in comparison with traditional bone grafting methods. The objective of this review is to highlight fundamental principles of gene therapy strategies in bone tissue engineering and solutions of their current limitations for the healing of bone injury. Vector types are debated for the repair of defected site due to demonstration of constraints and applications of the protocols. In recent years, the combination of gene therapy strategies and bone tissue engineering has highly gained attention. We discussed viral and non-viral mediated delivery of therapeutic protein by using scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Although pre-clinical studies have showed that gene therapy has very promising results to heal injured bone, there are several limitations regarding with the usage of gene delivery methods into clinical applications. Choice of suitable vector, selection of transgene and gene delivery protocols are the most outstanding questions. This article also addresses current state of gene delivery strategies in bone tissue engineering for their potential applications in clinical considerations.
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Abbreviations
- AAV:
-
Adeno-associated virus
- ASC:
-
Adipose stem cell
- BMPs:
-
Bone morphogenetic proteins;
- cDNA:
-
Complementary deoxyribonucleic acid
- COL1A1:
-
Type I collagen
- dsDNA:
-
Double-stranded DNA
- FDA:
-
the US Food and Drug Administration
- GAMs:
-
Gene-activated matrices
- GMP:
-
Good manufacturing practice
- HAP:
-
hydroxyapatite
- HIV:
-
Human immunodeficiency virus
- IGF:
-
Insulin-like growth factor
- IL-1α:
-
Interleukin-1α
- IL-1β:
-
Interleukin-1β
- IL-6:
-
Interleukin-6
- LIMP-1:
-
LIM mineralization protein-1
- MoMLV:
-
Moloney murine leukemia virus
- MSCs:
-
Mesenchymal stem cells
- OPG:
-
Osteoprotegerin
- PDGF:
-
Platelet-derived growth factor
- PEG:
-
Poly (ethylene glycol)
- PLGA:
-
Poly (lactide-co-glycolic acid)
- PTH:
-
Parathyroid hormone
- RANKL:
-
Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand
- Runx2:
-
Runt related transcription factor 2
- SCID:
-
X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency disease
- ssDNA:
-
Single stranded-DNA
- TGF- β:
-
Transforming growth factor-β
- TNFα:
-
Tumor necrosis factor-α
- VEGF:
-
Vascular endothelial growth factor
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Atasoy-Zeybek, A., Kose, G.T. (2018). Gene Therapy Strategies in Bone Tissue Engineering and Current Clinical Applications. In: Turksen, K. (eds) Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 4. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1119. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2018_253
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2018_253
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