Abstract
The intermolecular (outer sphere, OS) interaction of a reducing and an oxidizing metal complex generates a new optical transition involving charge transfer (CT) from the electron donor to the acceptor. OS CT transitions are classified according to the redox site (metal or ligand). Generally, the interaction between donor and acceptor is facilitated by ion pairs consisting of an oxidizing complex cation and a reducing complex anion. There are also ion pairs which are composed of a metal complex and an organic counter ion as electron donor or acceptor. In addition, the review includes examples of OS CT interaction which do not involve ion pairs at all. — A short introduction into the theory is followed by the discussion of the spectroscopy of OS CT of transition metal complexes. Finally, photoreactions induced by OS CT transitions are reviewed. The optical transfer is frequently followed by a rapid back electron transfer which regenerates the starting complexes. In many cases the primary products are kinetically labile and substitution reactions compete successfully with back electron transfer. As a result stable redox products may be formed. As an alternative, the substitution can be followed by back electron transfer. Product formation appears then as a substitution of the starting complexes. The various possibilities are illustrated by appropriate examples.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
6 References
Balzani V, Bolletta F, Gandolfi MT, Maestri M (1978) Top. Curr. Chem. 75: 1
Meyer TJ (1978) Acc. Chem. Res. 11: 94
Sutin N, Creutz C (1980) Pure Appl. Chem. 52: 2717
Meyer TJ (1983) Progr. Inorg. Chem. 30: 389
Sutin N, Creutz C (1983) J. Chem. Ed. 60: 809
Serpone N (1988) In: Fox MA, Chanon M (eds) Photoinduced electron transfer. Elsevier, Amsterdam, part D, p 47
Balzani V, Scandola F (1988) In: Fox MA, Chanon M (eds) Photoinduced electron transfer. Elsevier, Amsterdam, part D, p 148
Gianotti C, Gaspard S, Kransz P (1988) In: Fox MA, Chanon M (eds) Photoinduced electron transfer. Elsevier, Amsterdam, part D, p 200
Grätzel M (1988) In: Fox MA, Chanon M (eds) Photoinduced electron transfer. Elsevier, Amsterdam, part D, p 394
Meyer TJ (1989) Acc. Chem. Res. 22: 163
Grätzel M (1989) Heterogeneous photochemical electron transfer. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Vogler A, Osman AH, Kunkely H (1985) Coord. Chem. Rev. 64: 159
Hennig H, Rehorek D, Archer RD (1985) Coord. Chem. Rev. 61: 1
Balzani V, Sabbatini N, Scandola F (1986) Chem. Rev. 86: 319
Hennig H, Rehorek D, Billing R (1988) Comments Inorg. Chem. 8: 163
Stein CA, Taube H (1978) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 100: 1635
Vogler A (1988) In: Fox MA, Chanon M (eds) Photoinduced electron transfer. Elsevier, Amsterdam, part D, p 179
Lever ABP (1984) Inorganic electronic spectroscopy, Elsevier, Amsterdam
Geoffroy GL, Wrighton MS (1979) Organometallic photochemistry, Academic, New York
Taube H (1978) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 313: 483
Meyer TJ (1978) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 313: 496
Brown D (ed) (1980) Mixed-valence compounds, Reidel, Dordrecht
Creutz C (1980) Progr. Inorg. Chem. 30: 1
Hush NS (1967) Progr. Inorg. Chem. 8: 391
Vogler A, Kunkely H (1989) Z. Naturforsch. 44b: 132
Vogler A, Kunkely H (1990) Comments Inorg. Chem. 9: 201
Hush NS (1961) Trans. Faraday Soc. 57: 557
Nush NS (1968) Electrochim. Acta 13: 1005
Powers MJ, Meyer TJ (1980) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 102: 1289
Hennig H, Billing R, Benedix R (1986) Monatshefte Chem. 117: 51
Hennig H, Benedix R, Billing R (1986) J. Prakt. Chem. 328: 829
Simic M, Lilie J (1974) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 96: 291
Fox M (1975) In: Adamson AW, Fleischauer PD (eds) Concepts of inorganic chemistry, Wiley, New York, p 333.
Jørgensen CK (1963) Acta Chem. Scand. 17: 1034
Vogler A, Kunkely H (1987) Inorg. Chem. 26: 1819
Vogler A, Kunkely H (1988) Inorg. Chim. Acta 144: 149
Vogler A, Kunkely H (1986) J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun.: 1616
Hennig H, Rehorek A, Ackermann M, Rehorek D, Thomas P (1983) Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 496: 186
Hennig H, Rehorek A, Rehorek D, Thomas P (1984) Inorg. Chim. Acta 86: 41
Haim A (1985) Comments Inorg. Chem. 4: 113
Vogler A, Kisslinger J (1982) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 21: 77
Osman AH (1987) Inter-und intramolekulare Photoredoxreaktionen von Übergangsmetallkomplexen. Thesis, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg
Vogler A, Kunkely H (1975) Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 79: 83
Curtis JC, Meyer TJ (1978) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 100: 6284
Toma HE (1980) J. Chem. Soc. Dalton: 471
Curtis JC, Meyer TJ (1982) Inorg. Chem. 21: 1562
Vogler A, Kisslinger J (1982) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 104: 2311
Sabbatini N, Bonazzi A, Ciano M, Balzani V (1984) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 106: 4055
Sabbatini N, Balzani V (1985) J] Less-Common Met. 112: 381
Vogler A, Kunkely H (1988) Inorg. Chim. Acta 150: 3
Lee KY, Kochi JK (1989) Inorg. Chem. 28: 567
Schramm C, Zink JI (1979) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 101: 4554
Hieber W, Vohler O, Braun G (1958) Z. Naturforsch. 13b: 192
Vogler A, Kunkely H (1988) Organometallics 7: 1449
Kruck T, Höfler M (1964) Chem. Ber. 97: 2289
Kruck T, Höfler M, Noack M (1966) Chem. Ber. 99: 1153
Fischer EO, Kögler HP (1956) Angew. Chem. 68: 462
Hieber W, Schropp W (1960) Chem. Ber. 93: 455
Bockman TM, Kochi JK (1988) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 110: 1294
Kunkely H, Vogler A (1989) J. Organomet. Chem. 372: C29
Nakahara A, Wang JH (1963) J. Phys. Chem. 67: 496
Toma HE (1979) Can. J. Chem. 57: 2079
Curtis JC, Sullivan BP, Meyer TJ (1980) Inorg. Chem. 19: 3833
Rehorek D, Hantschmann A, Salvetter J, Hennig H (1979) J. Prakt. Chem. 328: 159
Billing R, Rehorek D, Salvetter J, Hennig H (1988) Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 557: 234
Kisslinger J, Vogler A (unpublished results)
Borovnikov MS, Geosdovskij GN, Rybakov VA, Tarasov BP (1982) Zhurn. Obskh. Khim. 52: 331
Calderazzo F, Pampaloni G, Lanfranchi M, Pelizzi G (1985) J. Organomet. Chem. 296: 1
Calderazzo F, Pampaloni G (1986) J. Organomet. Chem. 303: 111
Calderazzo F, Pampaloni G, Pelizzi G, Vitali F (1988) Organometallics 7: 1083.
Dance IG, Solstad PJ (1973) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 95: 7256
Fernandez A, Görner H, Kisch H (1985) Chem. Ber. 118: 1936
Lahner S, Wakatsuki Y, Kisch H (1987) Chem. Ber. 120: 1011
Megehee EG, Johnson CE, Eisenberg R (1989) Inorg. Chem. 28: 2423
Linhard M (1944) Z. Elektrochem. 50: 224
Linhard M, Weigel M (1951) Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 266: 49
Schmidtke H-H (1963) Z. Phys. Chem. N.F.: 38: 170
Pina F, Ciano M, Mulazzani QG, Venturi M, Balzani V, Moggi L (1984) Sci. Papers I.P.C.R. 78: 166
Pina F, Ciano M, Buggi L, Balzani V (1985) Inorg. Chem. 24: 844
Pina F, Mulazzani QG, Venturi M, Ciano M, Balzani V (1985) Inorg. Chem. 24: 848
Sugimoto H, Hataoka H, Mori M (1982) J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun.: 1301
Waysbort D, Evenor M, Navon G (1975) Inorg. Chem. 14: 514
Sexton DA, Curtis JC, Cohen H, Ford PC (1984) Inorg. Chem. 23: 49
Elsbernd H, Beattie JK (1968) Inorg. Chem. 7: 2468
Clark SF, Watts RJ, Dubois DL, Connolly JS, Smart JC (1985) Coord. Chem. Rev. 64: 273
Orgel LE (1954) Quarterly Rev. 8: 422
Harris CM, McKenzie ED (1963) J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. 25: 171
Matsubara T, Efrima S, Metiu HT, Ford PC (1979) J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans II, 75: 390
Kalisky O, Shirom M (1977) J. Photochem. 7: 215
Vogler A, Losse W, Kunkely H (1979) J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun.: 187
Brand JCD, Snedden W (1957) Trans. Faraday Soc. 53: 894
Traverso O, Scandola F (1970) Inorg. Chim. Acta 4: 493
Bock CR, Wrighton MS (1977) Inorg. Chem. 16: 1309
Fitch IW, Lagowski JJ (1966) J. Organomet. Chem. 5: 480
Huttner G, Fischer EO, Fischer RD, Carter OL, McPhail AT, Sim GA (1966) J. Organomet. Chem. 6: 288
Huttner G, Fischer EO (1967) J. Organomet. Chem. 8: 299
Kobayashi H, Kobayashi M, Kaizu Y (1973) Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 46: 3109
Kobayashi H, Kobayashi M, Kaizu Y (1975) Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn 48: 1222
Holland GF, Mannig MC, Ellis DE, Trogler WC (1983) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 105: 2308
Lilie J, Shinohara N, Simic MG (1976) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 98: 6516
Shinohara N, Lilie J, Simic MG (1977) Inorg. Chem. 16: 2809
Haim A, Wilmarth WK (1961) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 83: 509
Vogler A, Kunkely H (1975) Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 79: 301
Vogler A, Osman AH, Kunkely H (1987) Inorg. Chem. 26: 2337
Larsson R (1967) Acta Chem. Scand. 21: 257
Kane-Maguire NAP, Langford CH (1973) J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun.: 351
Langford CH, Sasseville RLP (1981) Can. J. Chem. 59: 647
Creutz C, Kroger P, Matsubara T, Netzel TL, Sutin N (1979) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 101: 5442
Mirbach MF, Mirbach MJ, Wegman RW (1984) Organometallics 3: 900
McCleverty JA, Davison A, Wilkinson G (1965) J. Chem. Soc.: 3890
Meyer TJ, Caspar JV (1985) Chem. Rev. 85: 187
Tyler DR (1988) Progr. Inorg. Chem. 36: 125
Doyle MP, Guy JK, Brown KC, Mahapatro SN, VanZyl CM, Pladziewicz JR (1987) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 109: 1536
Adamson AW, Sporer A (1958) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80: 3865
Rehorek D, Schmidt D, Hennig H (1980) Z. Chem. 20: 223
Hennig H, Walther D, Thomas P (1983) Z. Chem. 23: 446
Nakashima M, Kida S (1982) Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 55: 809
Matsubara T, Ford PC (1978) Inorg. Chem. 17: 1747
Bockman TM, Kochi JK (1989) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 111: 4669
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Springer-Verlag
About this paper
Cite this paper
Vogler, A., Kunkely, H. (1990). Photochemistry of transition metal complexes induced by outer-sphere charge transfer excitation. In: Mattay, J. (eds) Photoinduced Electron Transfer II. Topics in Current Chemistry, vol 158. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-52568-8_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-52568-8_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-52568-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-47036-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive