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Evolution of a Neutron Star from Its Birth to Old Age

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Physics of Neutron Star Interiors

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Physics ((LNP,volume 578))

Abstract

The main stages in the evolution of a neutron star, from its birth as a proto-neutron star, to its old age as a cold, catalyzed configuration, are described. A proto-neutron star is formed in the aftermath of a successful supernova explosion and its evolution is dominated by neutrino diffusion. Its neutrino signal is a valuable diagnostic of its internal structure and composition. During its transformation from a hot, leptonrich to a cold, catalyzed remnant, the possibility exists that it can collapse into a black hole, which abruptly terminates neutrino emissions. The essential microphysics, reviewed herein, that controls its evolution are the equation of state of dense matter and its associated neutrino opacities. Several simulations of the proto-neutron star evolution, involving different assumptions about the composition of dense matter, are described. After its evolution into a nearly isothermal neutron star a hundred or so years after its birth, it may be observable through its thermal emission in X-rays during its life in the next million years. Its surface temperature will depend upon the rapidity of neutrino emission processes in its core, which depends on the composition of dense matter and whether or not its constituents exhibit superfluidity and superconductivity. Observations of thermal emission offer the best hope of a determination of the radius of a neutron star. The implications for the underlying dense matter equation of state of an accurate radius determination are explored.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics & Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 11794-3800, Stony Brook, NY, USA

    Madappa Prakash, James M. Lattimer, Jose A. Pons & Andrew W. Steiner

  2. Institute for Nuclear Theory, University of Washington, 98195, Seattle, WA, USA

    Sanjay Reddy

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  1. Madappa Prakash
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  1. Fachbereich Physik, Universität Rostock, 18051, Rostock, Deutschland

    David Blaschke

  2. Institut de Physique Nuclaire, Groupe de Physique Theorique, 15, rue Georges Clemenceau, 91406, Orsay Cedex, France

    Armen Sedrakian

  3. Institute for Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab., Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

    Norman K. Glendenning

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Prakash, M., Lattimer, J.M., Pons, J.A., Steiner, A.W., Reddy, S. (2001). Evolution of a Neutron Star from Its Birth to Old Age. In: Blaschke, D., Sedrakian, A., Glendenning, N.K. (eds) Physics of Neutron Star Interiors. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 578. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44578-1_14

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