Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Barbante C, Cozzi G, et al. (1999) Determination of Rh, Pd and Pt in Polar and Alpine snow and ice by double focusing ICP-MS with microconcentric nebulization. Anal.Chem. 71: 4125–4133
Barbante C, Veysseyre A, et al. (2001) Greenland snow evidence of large scale atmospheric pollution for platinum, palladium and rhodium. Environ. Sci. Tech. 35: 835–839
Barbante C, Boutron C, et al. (2003) Seasonal variations of heavy metals in central Greenland snow deposited from 1991 to 1995. J.Environ.Monit. 5: 328–335.
Barbante C, Schwikowski M, et al. (2004) Historical record of European emissions of heavy metals to the atmosphere since the 1650s from Alpine snow/ice drilled near Monte Rosa. Environ. Sci. Tech. 38: 4085–4090.
Boutron CF (1990) A clean laboratory for ultralow concentration heavy metal analysis. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 337: 482–491.
Boutron CF, Görlach U, et al. (1991) Decrease in anthropogenic lead, cadmium and zinc in Greenland snows since the late 1960s. Nature 353: 153–156.
Boutron CF (1995) Historical reconstruction of the earth’s past atmospheric environment from Greenland and Antarctic snow and ice cores. Environ. Rev. 3: 1–28.
Candelone JP, Hong S, et al. (1994) An improved method for decontaminating polar snow and ice cores for heavy metals analysis. Anal. Chim. Acta 299: 9–16.
Dansgaard W, Johnsen SJ, et al. (1993) Evidence for general instability of past climate from a 250-kyr ice core record. Nature 364: 218–220.
Döscher A, Gaggeler HW, et al. (1995) A 130 years deposition record of sulfate, nitrate and chloride from a high-alpine glacier. Water, Air Soil Poll. 85: 603–609.
Field MP and Sherrell RM (2003) Direct determination of ultra-trace levels of metals in fresh water using desolvating micronebulization and HR-ICP-MS: application to Lake Superior waters. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 18: 254–259.
Gabrielli P, Barbante C, et al. (2004) Meteoric smoke fallout over the Holocene epoch revealed by iridium and platinum in Greenland ice. Nature 432: 1011–1014.
Gabrielli P, Varga A, et al. (2004) Determination of Ir and Pt down to the sub-femtogram per gram level in polar ice by ICP-SFMS using preconcentration and a desolvation system. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 19: 831–837.
Hammer CU (1989) Dating by physical and chemical seasonal variations and reference horizons. In: H Oeschger and J C.C. Langway (eds) The Environmental Record in Glaciers and Ice Sheets. Wiley, New York, pp. 99–121.
Hong S, Candelone JP, et al. (1994) Greenland ice evidence of hemispheric lead pollution two millennia ago by Greek and Roman civilizations. Science 265: 1841–1843.
Hong S, Candelone JP, et al. (1996) History of ancient copper smelting pollution during Roman and Medieval times recorded in Greenland ice. Science 272: 246–249.
Hong S, Boutron CF, et al. (2004) Past natural changes in Cu, Zn and Cd in Vostok Antarctic ice dated back to the penultimate interglacial period. Geophys. Res. Lett. 31 (L20111, doi:10.1029/2004GL021075).
Hoppstock K and Sures B (2004) Platinum-Group Metals. In: E Merian, M Anke, M Ihnat and M Stoeppler (ed) Elements and their Compounds in the Environment. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp. 1047–1086.
Johnson Matthey (various issues, 1987–2004). Platinum. London, Johnson Matthey.
Kahl JDW, Martinez DA, et al. (1997) Air mass trajectories to Summit, Greenland: A 44-year climatology and some episodic events. J. Geophys Res. 102(C12): 26,861–826,875.
Pacyna JM (1984) Estimation of atmospheric emissions of trace elements from anthropogenic sources in Europe. Atmos. Environ. 18: 41–50.
Pacyna JM and Pacyna EG (2001) An assessment of global and regional emissions of trace metals to the atmosphere from anthropogenic sources worldwide. Environ. Rev. 9: 269–298.
Parrenin F, RÈmy F, et al. (2004) New modeling of the Vostok ice flow line and implication for the glaciological chronology of the Vostok ice core. J. Geophys Res. 109(D20102, doi:10.1029/2004JD004561).
Planchon FAM, Boutron CF, et al. (2001) Ultrasensitive determination of heavy metals at the sub-picogram per gram level in ultraclean Antarctic snow samples by inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry. Anal. Chim. Acta 450: 193–205.
Planchon FAM, Boutron CF, et al. (2002) Changes in atmospheric heavy metals in Antarctic snow from Coats Land since the mid-nineteenth century. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 200: 207–222.
Planchon FAM, Van de Velde K, et al. (2003) One hundred fifty-year record of lead isotopes in Antarctic snow from Coats Land. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 67: 693–708.
Rauch S (2005). Evidence of widespread dispersion of platinum group elements from automobile catalysts. Personal communication.
Reeh N (1989) Dating by ice flow modeling: a useful tool or an exercise in applied mathematics? In: H Oeschger and CC Langway (eds) The Environmental Record in Glaciers and Ice Sheets. Wiley, Chichester, U.K., pp. 141–159.
Schwikowski M, Barbante C, et al. (2004) Post 17th Century changes of European lead emissions recorded in high altitude Alpine snow and ice. Environ. Sci. Tech. 38: 957–964.
Southon J (2002) A first step to reconciling the GRIP and the GISP2 ice-core chronologies, 0-14,500 yr B.P. Quatern. Res. 57: 32–37
Stauffer B (1989) Dating of ice by radioactive isotopes. In: H Oeschger and J C.C. Langway (eds) The Environmental Record in Glaciers and Ice Sheets. Wiley, Chichester, U.K., pp. 123–139.
Vallelonga P, Van de Velde K, et al. (2002) Recent advances in measurement of Pb isotopes in polar ice and snow at sub-picogram per gram concentrations using thermal ionisation mass spectrometry. Anal. Chim. Acta 453: 1–12.
Vallelonga P, Gabrielli P, et al. (2005) A 220 kyr record of Pb isotopes at Dome C Antarctica from anlysis of the EPICA ice core. Geophys. Res. Lett. 32(L01706, doi:10.1029/2004GL021449).
Van de Velde K, Barbante C, et al. (2000) Changes in the occurrence of silver, gold, platinum, palladium and rhodium in Mont Blanc ice and snow since the 18th century. Atmos. Environ. 34: 3117–3127
Wedepohl KH (1995) The composition of the continental crust. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59: 1217–1232.
Zoller WH, Parrington JR, et al. (1983) Iridium enrichment in airborn particles from Kilauea volcano, January 1983. Science 222: 1118–1121.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Boutron, C.F., Barbante, C. (2006). Man-Induced Changes of Palladium in Polar and Alpine Snow and Ice Archives. In: Zereini, F., Alt, F. (eds) Palladium Emissions in the Environment. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-29220-9_23
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-29220-9_23
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-29219-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-29220-3
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)