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Synthetic ion-exchange resins

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Key Polymers Properties and Performance

Part of the book series: Advances in Polymer Science ((POLYMER,volume 70))

Abstract

This review highlights the developments in the field of cation-exchange, anion-exchange, composite and thermally regenerable resins. The main focus is on the literature on synthesis and physico-chemical properties. Cation-exchange and anion-exchange resins have been discussed on the basis of the nature of monomers involved in the synthesis of polymeric matrices of the resins. Composite ion-exchange resins which incorporate inert materials and magnetic particles are discussed. The polymerization techniques adopted to synthesize thermally regenerable ion-exchange resins possessing the maximum possible thermally regenerable capacity are dealt with.

It appears that enough scope exists in framing novel synthetis and modification procedures based on the resin systems discussed in this review so as to render them more useful and economically viable.

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Abbreviations

MA:

Methyl acrylate

EA:

Ethyl acrylate

BA:

Butylacrylate

AAm:

Acrylamide

MAAm:

Methacrylamide

DAA:

Diallylamine

MDAA:

Methyldiallylamine

TAA:

Triallylamine

TAT:

1,3,5-Triacryloylhexahydrotriazine

NVC:

N-Vinylcarbazole

DVB:

Divinylbenzene

HEXA:

1,6-bis(N,N-diallylamino)hexane

EGDMA:

Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate

ABME:

Allyl benzoin methyl ether

AIBN:

Azo-bis-isobutyronitrile

PVC:

Poly(Vinyl chloride)

SDVB:

Styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer

PNVC:

Poly(N-Vinylcarbazole)

NVCF:

N-Vinylcarbazole-furfural copolycondensate

PNVCF:

Poly(N-Vinylcarbazole)—furfural copolycondensate

NVCPA:

N-Vinylcarbazole—phthalic anhydride condensate

NVCDVB:

N-Vinylcarbazole—divinylbenzene copolymer

NVCFO:

N-Vinylcarbazole—formaldehyde copolycondensate

PNVCS:

Sulfonic acid resin from PNVC

NVCFS:

Sulfonic acid resin from NVCF

PNVCFS:

Sulfonic acid resin from PNVCF

NVCDVBS:

Sulfonic acid resin from NVCDVB

NVCFOS:

Sulfonic acid resin from NVCFO

SFS:

Sulfonic acid resin from styrene—furfural copolycondensate

PFS:

Sulfonic acid resin from α-pinene—furfural copolycondensate

KU-1:

Commercial sulfonic acid resin from phenol—formaldehyde resin

KU-2:

Commercial sulfonic acid resin from SDVB copolymer

PNVCP:

Phosphonic acid resin from PNVC

NVCFP:

Phosphonic acid resin from NVCF

PNVCFP:

Phosphonic acid resin from PNVCF

SFP:

Phosphonic acid resin from styrene—furfural copolycondensate

SFAP:

Phosphonic acid resin from acetylated styrene—furfural copolycondensate

PFP:

Phosphonic acid resin from α-pinene—furfural copolycondensate

PFAP:

Phosphonic acid resin from acetylated α-pinene—furfural copolycondensate

FAT:

Condensation product of furfural with tetramethyl diuram disulfide and polyethylenepolyamine

AN-2F:

Condensation product of methylol phenol derivatives and polyethylenepolyamine

PP-type resin:

Porous SDVB resin obtained by using a nonsolvating diluent (precipitant) in the polymerizing mixture

PPS-type resin:

Porous SDVB resin obtained by using a nonsolvating diluent along with a solvating diluent in the polymerizing mixture

PM-type resin:

Porous SDVB resin obtained by incorporating a preformed linear polymer in the polymerizing mixture

PMS-type resin:

Porous SDVB resin obtained by incorporating a linear preformed polymer and a solvating diluent in the polymerizing mixture

PMP-type resin:

Porous SDVB resin obtained by incorporating a preformed linear polymer and a nonsolvating diluent in the polymerizing mixture

IPNs:

Interpenetrating polymeric networks

meq/g:

Milliequivalents per gram

FM :

Volume fraction of monomer (M)

Di :

Apparent co-efficient of interdiffusion in cm2 sec−1

K AH :

Relative affinity co-efficient for the exchange \(\bar H^ + + A^ + \rightleftharpoons \bar A^ + + H^ +\)

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Author notes

  1. Mukul Biswas

    Present address: Institute of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, 44325, Akron, Ohio, U.S.A.

  2. S. Packirisamy

    Present address: Research & Development, Berger Paints India Ltd., 14 & 15 Swarnamoyee Road, P.O. Botanic Garden, Howrah-3, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, 721302, Kharagpur, India

    Mukul Biswas

  2. Department of Polymer Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 0-Okayama, Meguro-ku, 152, Tokyo, Japan

    S. Packirisamy

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  1. Mukul Biswas
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© 1985 Springer-Verlag

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Biswas, M., Packirisamy, S. (1985). Synthetic ion-exchange resins. In: Key Polymers Properties and Performance. Advances in Polymer Science, vol 70. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-15481-7_8

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