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Pulsation modes in B stars with variable line profiles

  • 2. β Cephei and other Early-Type Variables
  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Nonradial and Nonlinear Stellar Pulsation

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Physics ((LNP,volume 125))

Abstract

In this paper several observational characteristics of the line profile variable B stars (“53 Persei variables”) are discussed. These stars reside between 08 and B5 on the main sequence and extend perhaps to class I. We believe the 53 Per variables are a separate group related to the classical β Cephei variables.

Line profiles of 53 Per variables exhibit periodic changes in line width and asymmetry but not in radial velocity. These and various photometric signatures are attributed to g-mode nonradial pulsations. Unlike the B Cephei variables the 53 Per variables exhibit highly unstable periods which frequently change from one value to another in a few days. Ratios of 2:1 among these periods are especially common, and the total range in period can exceed a factor of ten in a single star.

Recently it has become possible to make a physical mode identification for a pair of m-modes in 53 Per: ℓ = 3, m = -2 and -3. Additionally, there are indications that the nonradial oscillations in these stars are excited in the envelope rather than in the core. If so, an opacity-related mechanism might be responsible.

Among the classical β Cephei variables, our profile observations of a few of them can be simulated only by radial pulsation models. Spectra of several, if not all, members of this group exhibit periodic “bouncing shells” in visible and/or ultraviolet lines. The detection of these shells promises to furnish us with an additional means of distinguishing between radial and nonradial pulsations in B-stars.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Astronomy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin

    M. A. Smith

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  1. M. A. Smith
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H. A. Hill W. A. Dziembowski

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© 1980 Springer-Verlag

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Smith, M.A. (1980). Pulsation modes in B stars with variable line profiles. In: Hill, H.A., Dziembowski, W.A. (eds) Nonradial and Nonlinear Stellar Pulsation. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 125. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-09994-8_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-09994-8_7

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-09994-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-39297-2

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