Abstract
Human emotion is related to stimulus and cognitive appraisal. Emotion is very important to entertainment application of virtual reality. Emotion model of 3D virtual characters is a challenging branch of Intelligent Virtual Environment (IVE). A believable 3D character should be provided with emotion and perception. In general, a virtual character is regarded as an autonomous agent with sense, perception, behavior and action. An emotion model of 3D virtual characters on the basis of psychology theory is presented in this paper. Our work is to construct 3D virtual characters that have internal sensor and perception for external stimulus, and express emotion autonomously in real time. Firstly, architecture of a virtual character is set up by cognitive model; Secondly, emotion class is set up by OCC and Plutchik’s emotion theory; Thirdly, some new concepts about emotion are presented with a general mathematical model which is relation among emotion, stimulus, motivation variable, personality variable. Fourthly, a perception model of 3D characters by Gibson’s theory is introduced. As a result, an emotional animation demo system of 3D virtual character is implemented on PC.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Aylett, R., Marc, C.: Intelligent Virtual Environments, A State-of-the art Report. In: Eurographics 2001, pp. 87–109 (2001)
Tu, X., Terzopoulos, D.: Artificial fishes: Physics, locomotion, perception, behavior. In: Proc. SIGGRAPH 1994 Conf., Orlando, FL, USA, pp. 43–50 (1994)
Funge, J., Tu, X., Terzopoulos, D.: Cognitive Modeling: Knowledge, Reasoning and Planning for Intelligent Characters. In: Proc. SIGGRAPH 1999 Conf., Los Angeles, CA, pp. 29–38 (1999)
Badler, N., Phillips, C., Webber, B.: Simulating Humans: Computer Graphics Animation and Control, pp. 154–159. Oxford University Press, New York (1993)
Bernstein, D.A., Stewart, A.C., Roy, E.J., Wickens, C.D.: Psychology, 4th edn., pp. 360–361. Houghton Miffin Company, New York (1997)
Ortony, A., Clore, G.L., Collins, A.: The cognitive structure of emotions. Cambridge University Press, New York (1988)
Picard, R.W.: Affective Computing. MIT Press, London (1997)
Available online, http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emotion
Egges, A., Kshirsagar, S., Thalmann, N.M.: Generic personality and emotion simulation for conversational agents. Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds 15, 1–13 (2004)
Gratch, J., Marsella, S.: A Domain-independent framework for modeling emotion. Journal of Cognitive Systems Research 5(4), 269–306 (2004)
Noser, H., Renault, O., Thalmann, D., Thalmann, N.M.: Navigation for Digital Actors Based on Synthetic Vision, Memory, and Learning. Computer & Graphics 19(1), 7–19 (1995)
Gibson, J.J.: The ecological approach to visual perception. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Hillsdale (1986)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Liu, Z., Pan, Z.G. (2005). An Emotion Model of 3D Virtual Characters in Intelligent Virtual Environment. In: Tao, J., Tan, T., Picard, R.W. (eds) Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction. ACII 2005. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3784. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11573548_81
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11573548_81
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-29621-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-32273-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)