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Obesity, Inflammation, and Vascular Disease

The role of the adipose tissue as an endocrine organ

  • Chapter
Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Diseases

Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 42))

Insulin resistance, both in nondiabetic and diabetic subjects, is frequently associated with obesity, particularly with an excess of central fat. With the growing prevalence of obesity, scientific interest in the biology of adipose tissue has been extended to the secretory products of adipocytes, since they are increasingly shown to influence several aspects in the pathogenesis of obesity-related diseases

Until relatively recently, the role of fat itself in the development of obesity and its consequences was considered to be a passive one; adipocytes were considered to be little more than storage cells for fat. It is now clear that, in addition to storing calories as triglycerides, they also secrete a large variety of proteins, including cytokines, chemokines and hormone-like factors, such as leptin, adiponectin and resistin. This production of pro-atherogenic chemokines by adipose tissue is of particular interest since their local secretion, e.g. by perivascular adipose depots, may provide a novel mechanistic link between obesity and the associated vascular complications

Recent research has revealed many functions of adipocytokines extending far beyond metabolism, such as immunity, cancer and bone formation. This remarkable understanding is allowing us to more clearly define the role that adipocytes play in health and in obesity and how inflammatory mediators act as signaling molecules in this process

Moreover, on a molecular level, we are beginning to comprehend how such variables as hormonal control, exercise, food intake, and genetic variation interact and result in a given phenotype, and how pharmacological intervention may modulate adipose tissue biology

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  1. Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiothoracic Sciences, Second University of Naples, Italy

    Paolo Calabro

  2. The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, The University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center, Houston, Texas

    Paolo Calabro & Edward T. H. Yeh

  3. The Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas-M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas

    Edward T. H. Yeh

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  1. Center of Molecular Epidemiology and Environmental Health, College of Medicine and School of Public Health, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA

    Randall E. Harris (Director) (Director)

  2. Queens College, City University of New York, New York, USA

    R. Bittman

  3. Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Calcutta, India

    D. Dasgupta

  4. Max-Planck-Institute for Biochemistry, Munich, Germany

    H. Engelhardt

  5. MOLISA GmbH, Magdeburg, Germany

    L. Flohe

  6. German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany

    H. Herrmann

  7. Texas A&M University, Texas, USA

    A. Holzenburg

  8. National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland

    H-P. Nasheuer

  9. The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel

    S. Rottem

  10. DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., Basel, Switzerland

    M. Wyss

  11. Max-Planck-Institute for Biochemistry, Munich, Germany

    P. Zwickl

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© 2007 Springer

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Calabro, P., Yeh, E.T. (2007). Obesity, Inflammation, and Vascular Disease. In: Harris, R.E., et al. Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Diseases. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 42. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-5688-5_3

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