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The Lithoautotrophic Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria

  • Reference work entry
The Prokaryotes

Introduction

The lithoautotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) are well defined by their fundamental metabolism. Ammonia serves as the sole energy source and carbon dioxide is used to fulfill the carbon need. Together with the lithotrophic nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (see the chapter Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria in this Volume), the AOB catalyze the so-called “nitrification process” (NH3→ NO2 − → NO3 −), which has a key position in natural nitrogen cycling. Details of the biochemistry of the AOB are reported in the chapter on Oxidation of Inorganic Nitrogen Compounds as an Energy Source in Volume 2. This chapter focuses on the phylogeny, taxonomy, and diversity of AOB as well as on their distribution in nature.

Winogradsky in his fundamental investigations on AOB already postulated the existence of a great diversity of species within this guild (Winogradsky, 1892; Winogradsky and Winogradsky, 1937; Winogradsky and Winogradsky, 1933). However, isolation of AOB turned out to be...

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Authors
  1. Hans-Peter Koops
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  2. Ulrike Purkhold
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  3. Andreas Pommerening-Röser
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  4. Gabriele Timmermann
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  5. Michael Wagner
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota, Box 196, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0312, USA

    Martin Dworkin Professor Dr. (Editor-in-Chief) (Editor-in-Chief)

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University Medical School, 299 Campus Drive, Fairchild, D039, Stanford, CA, 94305-5124, USA

    Stanley Falkow

  3. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978, Israel

    Eugene Rosenberg

  4. Department of Microbiology, Technical University Munich, 80290, Munich, Germany

    Karl-Heinz Schleifer

  5. DSMZ- German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH, Mascheroder Weg 1b, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany

    Erko Stackebrandt

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Koops, HP., Purkhold, U., Pommerening-Röser, A., Timmermann, G., Wagner, M. (2006). The Lithoautotrophic Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria. In: Dworkin, M., Falkow, S., Rosenberg, E., Schleifer, KH., Stackebrandt, E. (eds) The Prokaryotes. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30745-1_36

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