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The Family Lachnospiraceae, Including the Genera Butyrivibrio, Lachnospira and Roseburia

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The Prokaryotes

Butyrivibrio

Introduction

Members of the genus Butyrivibrio are non-spore forming, anaerobic, motile, curved rod-shaped bacteria that are commonly isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of mammals. The Gram-negative staining of these organisms in no way reflects the true nature of the cell wall structure. Chemical and electron microscopic analyses of Butyrivibrio cells have revealed a thin, Gram-positive ultrastructure (Cheng and Costerton, 1977; Hespell et al., 1993). The genus is composed of two species, B. fibrisolvens and B. crossotus. Ruminal butyrivibrios characteristically produce butyric acid and degrade plant fibers such as xylans. Hence, the name Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens is quite descriptive (Bryant and Small, 1956a). Butyrivibrio strains isolated from human fecal material differ in substrate utilization and flagellar arrangement from B. fibrisolvens. These strains have been designated as B. crossotus to reflect the presence of “tasseled,” multiple flagella (Moore et al.,...

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Authors
  1. Michael Cotta
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  2. Robert Forster
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota, Box 196, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0312, USA

    Martin Dworkin Professor Dr. (Editor-in-Chief) (Editor-in-Chief)

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University Medical School, 299 Campus Drive, Fairchild, D039, Stanford, CA, 94305-5124, USA

    Stanley Falkow

  3. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978, Israel

    Eugene Rosenberg

  4. Department of Microbiology, Technical University Munich, 80290, Munich, Germany

    Karl-Heinz Schleifer

  5. DSMZ- German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures GmbH, Mascheroder Weg 1b, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany

    Erko Stackebrandt

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Cotta, M., Forster, R. (2006). The Family Lachnospiraceae, Including the Genera Butyrivibrio, Lachnospira and Roseburia . In: Dworkin, M., Falkow, S., Rosenberg, E., Schleifer, KH., Stackebrandt, E. (eds) The Prokaryotes. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30744-3_35

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