1 Radioactive Tracers
1.1 Principles of radioactive tracer technique
The fundamental principle of the radioactive tracers is that the chemical behavior of radioactive isotopes is identical with that of their stable isotopes in any chemical process. Strictly speaking, the difference in atomic mass of radioactive and stable isotopes gives rise to a slight difference in both chemical reaction rate and equilibrium constant. This is the isotope effect (see Chapter 4 in Volume 2), which forms the basis of the isotope separation (see Chapter 5 in Volume 5). Except for very light elements, however, the isotope effect is negligibly small. This makes the isotope separation very laborious work requiring manifold repetition of a certain process. In ordinary tracer experiments, the isotope effect comes into question only in case of tritium 3H, which has an atomic mass approximately three times larger than that of the main stable isotope 1H. Even in 3H, however, the isotope effect turns out to be...
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Notes
- 1.
1 The error estimation is based on the rules of the error propagation as well as on the (reasonable) assumption that the counts N and Nbg follow Poisson statistics (see Chapter 7 in Volume 1).
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(2003). Tracer Technique. In: Handbook of Nuclear Chemistry. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-30682-X_29
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