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Cyanobacterial Responses to UV-Radiation

  • Chapter
The Ecology of Cyanobacteria

Summary

The influence of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on microbial populations is the subject of intense investigation.One reason is the awareness of how decreasing regional ozone levels in the stratosphere result in an increase of the UVB flux that reaches the Earth’s surface. and the fact that microbial populations and species may show a more immediate and greater measurable sensitivity to small increases in UVR than the larger macrophytes and metazoa.Some cyanobacteria. representing probably the oldest oxygenic inhabitants of the planet. evolved various methods (or complex strategies) for coping with present levels of UVR. and possibly with the higher levels of UVR which occurred in the early Precambrian and which may occur in the future. invaded a large number of extreme environments (or remain as relicts of similar Precambrian habitats), including shallow waters and exposed terrestrial surfaces. As a consequence they must often cope with high solar irradiance in which UVR can be the most inhibitory region of the spectrum. Cyanobacteria evolved different strategies to counter the effects of UVR. The best understood of these include the development of sunscreen pigments that envelope the cell and function even when cells are at rest, the synthesis of compounds such as mycosporine-like amino acids (the true value of which is still not certain), development of efficient systems for repair of damaged DNA and for replacement of UVR-damaged compounds, and implementation of directed gliding motility for escaping the diurnally high intensities of solar irradiance when soft microbial mats or sediments are present. This review considers the various specific effects of UVR on cyanobacteria and their compensating responses, with particular emphasis on the reactions which occur, or are likely to occur, in natural habitats today.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403, USA

    Richard W. Castenholz

  2. Department ofMicrobiology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287-2701, USA

    Ferran Garcia-Pichel

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  1. Richard W. Castenholz
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  2. Ferran Garcia-Pichel
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Durham, Durham, England

    Brian A. Whitton

  2. Virginia Tech., Blackburg, USA

    Malcolm Potts

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Castenholz, R.W., Garcia-Pichel, F. (2000). Cyanobacterial Responses to UV-Radiation. In: Whitton, B.A., Potts, M. (eds) The Ecology of Cyanobacteria. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46855-7_21

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46855-7_21

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

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