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Stem cell potential for type 1 diabetes therapy

  • Review Article
  • Published:
Central European Journal of Biology

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Abstract

Stem cells have been considered as a useful tool in Regenerative Medicine due to two main properties: high rate of self-renewal, and their potential to differentiate into all cell types present in the adult organism. Depending on their origin, these cells can be grouped into embryonic or adult stem cells. Embryonic stem cells are obtained from the inner cell mass of blastocyst, which appears during embryonic day 6 of human development. Adult stem cells are present within various tissues of the organism and are responsible for their turnover and repair. In this sense, these cells open new therapeutic possibilities to treat degenerative diseases such as type 1 diabetes. This pathology is caused by the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in the lack of insulin production. Insulin injection, however, cannot mimic β-cell function, thus causing the development of important complications. The possibility of obtaining β-cell surrogates from either embryonic or adult stem cells to restore insulin secretion will be discussed in this review.

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Abbreviations

ASCs:

adult stem cells

BB rat:

biobreeding rat

CHIBs:

cultivated human islet buds

CMV:

cytomegalovirus

EBs:

embryoid bodies

EGF:

epidermal growth factor

ESCs:

embryonic stem cells

GFAP:

glial fibrillary acidic protein

IGF:

insulin-like growth factor

IPSCs:

islet pluripotent stem cells

KGF:

keratinocyte growth factor

LIF:

leukaemia inhibitory factor

MAPCs:

multipotent adult progenitor cells

NF-200:

neurofilament-200

NIPs:

nestin-positive islet-derived progenitors

NO:

nitric oxide

NOD mouse:

nonobese diabetic mouse

Pax4/6:

paired homeobox 4/6

PC-2:

protein convertase 2

Pdx1:

pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Bioengineering, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, 03202, Alicante, Spain

    Enrique Roche & Miriam Ramírez

  2. Laboratory for Cellular and Molecular Biology of Stem Cells, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02006, Albacete, Spain

    Carmen Ramírez-Castillejo

  3. Minimally Invasive Surgery Centre, 10071, Caceres, Spain

    Guadalupe Gómez-Mauricio & Jesús Usón

Authors
  1. Enrique Roche
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  2. Miriam Ramírez
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  3. Carmen Ramírez-Castillejo
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  4. Guadalupe Gómez-Mauricio
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  5. Jesús Usón
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Correspondence to Enrique Roche.

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Roche, E., Ramírez, M., Ramírez-Castillejo, C. et al. Stem cell potential for type 1 diabetes therapy. cent.eur.j.biol. 2, 449–480 (2007). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11535-007-0035-9

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