Abstract
Glycerol monolaurate (GML) has been widely used as an effective antibacterial emulsifier in the food industry. A total of 360 44-week-old Hy-Line brown laying hens were randomly distributed into four groups each with six replicates of 15 birds, and fed with corn-soybean-meal-based diets supplemented with 0, 0.15, 0.30, and 0.45 g/kg GML, respectively. Our results showed that 0.15, 0.30, and 0.45 g/kg GML treatments significantly decreased feed conversion ratios (FCRs) by 2.65%, 7.08%, and 3.54%, respectively, and significantly increased the laying rates and average egg weights. For egg quality, GML drastically increased albumen height and Haugh units, and enhanced yolk color. Notably, GML increased the concentrations of polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and reduced the concentration of total saturated fatty acids in the yolk. The albumen composition was also significantly modified, with an increase of 1.02% in total protein content, and increased contents of His (4.55%) and Glu (2.02%) under the 0.30 g/kg GML treatment. Additionally, GML treatments had positive effects on the lipid metabolism of laying hens, including lowering the serum triglyceride and total cholesterol levels and reducing fat deposition in abdominal adipose tissue. Intestinal morphology was also improved by GML treatment, with increased villus length and villus height to crypt depth ratio. Our data demonstrated that GML supplementation of laying hens could have beneficial effects on both their productivity and physiological properties, which indicates the potential application of GML as a functional feed additive and gives us a new insight into this traditional food additive.
概要
目 的
基于传统食品添加剂月桂酸单甘油酯 (GML) 的抗菌、 抗病毒和免疫调节特性, 研究其对蛋鸡产蛋性能、 蛋品质和生理健康的影响。
创新点
将传统食品添加剂 GML 应用于蛋鸡养殖行业, 探究其作为饲粮添加剂改善动物营养健康状况的潜能。
方 法
将 360 只海兰褐蛋鸡随机分为 4 组, 每组 6 个重 复, 每个重复 15 只蛋鸡, 分别饲喂以玉米-豆粕为主的日粮, 并在日粮中分别添加 0、 0.15、 0.30 和 0.45 g/kg GML。 饲喂 8 周后, 测定蛋鸡的产蛋性能、 蛋品质、 蛋清以及蛋黄相关营养成分组成、 血清生理生化以及激素相关指标, 并对空肠和附睾脂肪切片进行形态学观察, 系统研究 GML 对蛋鸡的影响。
结 论
0.15、 0.30 和 0.45 g/kg GML 处理能显著降低饲料转化率, 并显著提高产蛋率和平均蛋重。 在鸡蛋品质方面, GML 显著提高了蛋白的高度和哈夫单位, 并增强了蛋黄的颜色。 此外, GML 还增加了蛋黄中多不饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸的浓度, 降低了蛋黄中总饱和脂肪酸的浓度。 蛋白组成在 GML 作用下也有显著改变, 其中 0.30 g/kg GML 显著增加了总蛋白含量以及组氨酸和谷氨酸的含量。 GML 对蛋鸡脂代谢也表现除了积极作用, 能显著降低血清甘油三酯和总胆固醇水平, 减少腹部脂肪组织的沉积。 在改善肠道形态方面, GML 增加了绒毛长度以及绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值。 总体来说, GML 对蛋鸡的生产性能和生理特性均有显著的改善作用, 表明 GML 有作为功能性饲料添加剂的潜能, 拓宽了传统食品添加剂 GML 的应用领域。
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Change history
21 December 2019
The authors have retracted this article (Zhao et al., 2019) due to significant overlap with a previously published Chinese language article (Liu et al., 2017), including overlap in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 6, Fig. 4, and part of the results (Sections 3.1, 3.2, 3.5, and 3.7).
All authors agree with this retraction.
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Min-jie ZHAO, Hai-ying CAI, and Feng-qin FENG conceived the project. Min-jie ZHAO and Meng-yun LIU performed the experiments, interpreted the results, generated the figures, and wrote the manuscript. Ling-li DENG and Yang LI performed the experiments and interpreted the results. Hui ZHANG and Feng-qin FENG supervised the experiments, interpreted the results, and revised the manuscript. All authors approved the final manuscript and take responsibility for the integrity and security of the data.
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Min-jie ZHAO, Hai-ying CAI, Meng-yun LIU, Ling-li DENG, Yang LI, Hui ZHANG, and Feng-qin FENG declare that they have no conflict of interest.
All institutional and national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals were followed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Zhejiang University (Protocol Number ZJU-BEFS-2016004), Hangzhou, China.
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Project supported by the Technology and Achievement Transformation Project of Hangzhou, China (No. 20161631E01), the Zhejiang University New Rural Development Research Institute Agricultural Technology Promotion Fund (No. 2017006), the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. LY18C200006), and the Basic Research Project of Education Department of Zhejiang Province (No. Y201737161), China
The authors have retracted this article due to significant overlap with a previously published Chinese language article, including overlap in several tables and one figure, and part of the results. All authors agree with this retraction.
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Zhao, Mj., Cai, Hy., Liu, My. et al. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Effects of dietary glycerol monolaurate on productive performance, egg quality, serum biochemical indices, and intestinal morphology of laying hens. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B 20, 877–890 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1800530
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1800530