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The Physical Resilience Instrument for Older Adults (PRIFOR) in Surgical Inpatients: Further Evidence for Its Factor Structure and Validity

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Abstract

Background

The Physical Resilience Instrument for Older Adults (PRIFOR) is a questionnaire for assessing physical resilience in older adults suffering from acute health stressors. Prior psychometric evidence of the PRIFOR showed that it has good criterion-related validity, known-group validity, predictive validity, and internal consistency. However, it is unclear whether the PRIFOR can be replicated in older adults suffering after surgical treatment.

Objectives

This study aimed at evaluating whether the three-factor structure of the PRIFOR can be replicated in older adults suffering after surgical treatment. Moreover, the concurrent validity of the PRIFOR was examined using the association between the PRIFOR and measures of depression, cognition, activities of daily living, and frailty.

Design and Setting

A longitudinal study was adopted in a tertiary-care medical center in Taiwan.

Participants

A total of 207 patients aged 65 years old and older who underwent surgery and if they were able to communicate independently. Measurements: The PRIFOR, the 5-item Geriatric Depression Scale, the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire, the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living and Clinical Frailty Scale were all assessed after surgery.

Results

The three-factor structure (positive thinking, cope and adjust lifestyle, and belief and hopeful mindset) was supported by the CFA results in the present sample. In addition, the PRIFOR showed good concurrent validity with depression (r = −0.470 to −0.542), cognition (r = 0.358 to 0.409), activities of daily living (r = 0.209 to 0.310), and frailty (r =−0.161 to −0.237).

Conclusion

The PRIFOR can be recommended to measure physical resilience in older adults suffering after surgical treatment. For the adequate estimation of older adults’ level of physical resilience postoperatively and to guide the implementation of individualized interventions, it is important to provide appropriate care for older adults to recover after surgery.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan

    C.-Y. Lin

  2. Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan

    C.-Y. Lin

  3. Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan

    C.-Y. Lin

  4. Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan

    C.-Y. Lin

  5. Department of Urology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan

    C.-H. Ou

  6. Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan

    C.-M. Chang

  7. Department of Nursing, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138, Shengli Road, North District, Tainan City, 70403, Taiwan

    Fang-Wen Hu

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  4. Fang-Wen Hu
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Contributions

Author Contributions: FWH and CMC conceptualized the study. FWH, CHO and CYL were responsible for the data collection, analysis and interpretation of the results. FWH and CYL contributed substantially to the writing of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fang-Wen Hu.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest: None of the authors have conflicts related to this manuscript.

Ethical standards: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of National Cheng Kung University Hospital (No. A-ER-109-233).

Additional information

Financial Disclosure: This study was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST 109-2314-B-006-072-MY3).

Sponsor Role: None.

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Lin, CY., Ou, CH., Chang, CM. et al. The Physical Resilience Instrument for Older Adults (PRIFOR) in Surgical Inpatients: Further Evidence for Its Factor Structure and Validity. J Frailty Aging 12, 91–96 (2023). https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2023.8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2023.8

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