Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA) is a naturally occurring, negatively charged high mol-wt glycosaminoglycan (GAG), that is composed of repeated disaccharide units of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. It is the only GAG that lacks an associated protein moiety and sulfate groups. HA is a highly conserved and widely distributed polysaccharide. In a variety of mammalian tissues, it exerts structural functions because of its peculiar physicochemical properties. Because of its propensity to form highly hydrated and viscous matrices, HA imparts stiffness, resilience, and lubrication to tissues. The unique properties of HA are manifested in its mechanical function in the synovial fluid, the vitreous humor of the eye, and the ability of connective tissue to resist compressive forces, as in articular cartilage.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Kujawa, M. J. and Caplan, A. I. (1986) Hayluronic acid bonded to cell-culture surfaces stimulates chondrogenesis in stage 24 limb mesenchyme cell cultures. Dev. Biol. 11, 504–518.
Wheatley, S. C., Isacke, C. M., and Crossley, P. H. (1993) Restricted expression of the hyaluronan receptor, CD44, during postimplantation mouse embryogenesis suggests key roles in tissue formation and patterning. Development 119, 295–306.
Brown, J. J. and Papaioannou, V. E. (1993) Ontogeny of hyaluronan secretion during early mouse development. Development 117, 483–492.
Iocono, J. A. and Krummel, T. M. (2000) The role of hyaluronan in fetal repair: a review, in Redefining Hyaluronan (Abatangelo, G. and Weighel, P. H., eds.), Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 289–296.
Itay, S., Abramovici, A., Nevo, Z. (1987) Use of cultured embryonal chick epiphyseal chondrocytes as grafts for defects in chick articular cartilage. Clin. Orthop. 220, 234–300.
Solchaga, L. A., Goldberg, V. M., and Caplan, A. I. (2000) Hyaluronic acid-based biomaterials in tissue engineered cartilage repair, in Redefining Hyaluronan (Abatangelo, G. and Weighel, P. H., eds.), Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 233–246.
Campoccia, D., Doherty, P., Radice, M., Brun, P., Abatangelo, G., and Williams, D. F. (1998) Semisynthetic resorbable materials from hyaluronan esterification. Biomaterials 19, 2101–2127.
Rastrelli, A., Beccaro, M., Biviano, F., Calderini, G., and Pastorello, A. (1990) Hyaluronic acid esters, a new class of semisynthetic biopolymers: chemical and physico-chemical properties. Clinical Implant Materials (Advances in Biomaterials) 9, 199–205.
Barbucci, R., Magnani, A., Baszkin, A., Da Costa, M. L., Bauser, H., Hellwig, G., et al. (1993) Physico-chemical surface characterization of hyaluronic acid derivatives as a new class of biomaterials. J. Biomat. Sci. Polymer Edition 4(3), 245–273.
Mensitieri, M., Ambrosio, L., Nicolais, L., Bellini, D., and O’Regan, M. (1996) Viscoelastic Properties modulation of a novel autocrosslinked hyaluronic acid polymer. J. Material Science: Materials in Medicine 7, 695–698.
West, D. C., Hampson, I. N., Arnold, F., and Kumar, S. (1985) Angiogenesis induced by degradation products of hyaluronic acid. Science 228, 1324–1326.
Deed, R., Rooney, P., Kumar, P., et al. (1997) Early-response gene signalling induced by angiogenic oligosaccharides of hyaluronan in endothelial cells. Inhibition by high molecular weight hyaluronan. Int. J. Cancer 71, 251–256.
Myers, S. R., Grady, J., Soranzo, C., Sanders, R., Green, C., Leigh, I. M., et al. (1997) A HA membrane delivery system for cultured keratinocytes: clinical “take” rates in the porcine kerato-dermal model. J. Burn Care Rehabil. 18, 214–222.
Brun, P., Abatangelo, G., Radice, M., Zacchi, V., Guidolin, D., Daga Gordini, D., et al. (1999) Chondrocyte aggregation and reorganization into three-dimensional scaffolds. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 46, 337–346.
Andreassi, L., Casini, L., Trabucchi, E., Diamantini, S., Rastrelli, A., Donati, L., et al. (1991) Human keratinocytes cultured on membranes composed of benzyl ester of HA suitable for grafting. Wounds 3(3), 116–126.
Harris, P. S., di Francesco, F., Barisoni, D., Leigh, I. M., and Navsaria, H. A. (1999) Use of hyaluronic acid and cultured autologous keratinocytess and fibroblasts in extensive burns. Lancet 353(9146), 35–36.
Rheiwald, J. G. and Green, H. (1975) Serial cultivation of strains of human epidermal keratinocytes: the formation of keratinizing colonies from single cells. Cells 6, 331–344.
Solchaga, L. A., James, E. D., Goldberg, V. M., and Caplan, A. I. (1999) Hyaluronic Acid-based polymers as cell carriers for tissue-engineered repair of bone and cartilage. J. Orthop. Res. 17(2), 205–213.
Solchaga, L. A., Yoo, J., Lundberg, M., Hubregtse, B., and Caplan, A. I. (1999) Hyaluronic acid-based polymers in the treatment of osteochondral defects. Trans. Orthop. Res. Soc. 24, 56.
Solchaga, L. A., Yoo, J., Lundberg, M., Goldberg, V. M., and Caplan, A. I. (1999) Augmentation of the repair of osteochondral defects by autologous bone marrow in a hyaluronic acid-based delivery vehicle. Trans. Orthop. Res. Soc. 24, 801.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Humana Press Inc.
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Soranzo, C., Renier, D., Pavesio, A. (2004). Synthesis and Characterization of Hyaluronan-Based Polymers for Tissue Engineering. In: Hollander, A.P., Hatton, P.V. (eds) Biopolymer Methods in Tissue Engineering. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 238. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-428-X:25
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-428-X:25
Publisher Name: Humana Press
Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-967-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-428-3
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols