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TiO2 Nanoparticle Improve Germination and Seedling Parameters and Enhance Tolerance of Bitter Vetch (Vicia ervilia L.) Plants under Salinity and Drought Stress

  • NANOBIOLOGY AND OMICS
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Abstract

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) in the regulation of germination and seedling parameters of Bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia L.). Plants under salinity stress [sodium chloride (NaCl)] and drought stress [polyethylene glycol 6000, H(OCH2CH2)nOH synonyms: (PEG)]. Experimental salinity was controlled in terms of dS/m at levels of 0 (control), 4 and 12 dS/m and PEG induced drought stress (0, –0.4, and –0.8 MPa). TiO2 NPs (0, 20, and 40 ppm) was applied to Bitter vetch seed at germination and seedling growth at 21 days. The experiment was a three (TiO2 NPs) × three (salt) × three (drought) factorial combination (for 27 treatments) with three replicates. After 21 day cultivation, plants were harvested to determine the germination parameters, root length, shoot length, root and shoot fresh weight, root and shoot dry weight, and the proline content. Exposure of salinity stress and drought stress alone reduced the germination parameter in the plant. However, the application of TiO2 NPs protects Bitter vetch plants against salinity and drought stress as well as improves the germination parameters, root length, shoot length, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and shoot fresh weight compared to control. The application of TiO2 NPs significantly enhanced germination percentage (GP), germination rate (GR), germination index (GI), seed vigor index (SVI), root length (RL), shoot length (SL), root and shoot fresh weight (RSFW), root and shoot dry weight (RSDW) up to 19, 23, 38, 16, 85, 45, 59, and 14%, respectively, under severe drought stress. And the application of TiO2 NPs significantly enhanced (GP), (GR), (GI), (SVI), (RL), (SL), (RSFW), and (RSDW) up to 5.4, 46.5, 61.6, 8.5, 3.9, 33, 44, and 11%, respectively, under severe salinity stress. Based on biomass assay, it was found that the seedlings displayed good growth over control, demonstrating a positive effect of the TiO2 NPs treatment. In high concentrations of TiO2 NPs, no positive effects were observed on the germination characteristics of seed Bitter vetch. To conclude the use of TiO2 NPs can be improved by improving the seed germination properties of the plant Bitter vetch that cause increases plant’s establishment in natural areas.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

In addition, authors are thankful to all faculty members of the research center for plant sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, for their unconditional support to execute the present research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center for Plant Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, 9177948974, Mashhad, Iran

    Seyed Saeid Hojjat

  2. Center of Excellence in Nanotechnology (COEN), Asian Institute of Technology, 12120, Pathumthani, Thailand

    Seyed Saeid Hojjat & G. Louis Hornyak

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  1. Seyed Saeid Hojjat
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  2. G. Louis Hornyak
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Correspondence to Seyed Saeid Hojjat.

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Seyed Saeid Hojjat, Louis Hornyak, G. TiO2 Nanoparticle Improve Germination and Seedling Parameters and Enhance Tolerance of Bitter Vetch (Vicia ervilia L.) Plants under Salinity and Drought Stress. Nanotechnol Russia 17, 411–419 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2635167622030168

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