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Microbial Signature Present in Thrombotic Material of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Retrieved by Mechanical Thrombectomy

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Abstract

This study is done to examine the microbiota in thrombi retrieved from the middle cerebral artery after mechanical thrombectomy for symptomatic carotid plaque within 6 h of an acute ischemic stroke. To evaluate their role in atherosclerosis, thrombi were submitted to next-generation sequencing for a bacterial signature. In these studies, we are describing the types of bacteria found in thrombus samples that are associated with stroke. The microbial composition of all samples was compared using 16S rRNA gene amplicons and next-generation sequencing. All of the thrombi retrieved for bacterial DNA in qPCR from the fourteen patients who had thrombectomy for ischemic stroke were positive. The 14 thrombus samples had the majority of bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pneumoniae, Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus, and 30 other microorganisms were found in thrombus associated with stroke. The microbes present in thrombus also play a role in the formation of plaque, and bacteria have direct mechanisms such as acidification and local inflammation of the plaque milieu with Lactobacillus, biofilm dispersion leading to inflammation with Pseudomonas fluorescens or enterococci, or indirect mechanisms such as Toll-2-like signalling by the gut microbiota that could all lead to thromboembolic events and cause stroke. More research into the role of bacteria in thrombus formation in stroke pathophysiology and prognosis is warranted.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The Pacific Medical University and Hospital provided the authors with facilities and resources during the research.

Funding

The study has been funded by the Department of Science and Technology Government of Rajasthan, India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosciences Pacific Medical University, 313001, Bhilon ka Bedla, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Lokendra Bahadur Yadav, Shivam Tiwari & Atulabh Vajpeyee

  2. Department of Reproductive Medicine and Research, Pacific Medical University, 313001, Bhilon ka Bedla, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Manisha Vajpeyee

Authors
  1. Lokendra Bahadur Yadav
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  2. Shivam Tiwari
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  3. Manisha Vajpeyee
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  4. Atulabh Vajpeyee
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Contributions

L.B.Y., and A.V., S.T. designed and wrote the manuscript. S.T., L.B.Y., and M.V., revised the article. All authors have read and approved the manuscript. L.B.Y., A.V., S.T., and contributed equally.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Atulabh Vajpeyee.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Ethical approval. The Pacific Medical University & Hospital Regional Review Board, Rajasthan, India has approved this study according to ethical standards. The regional review board has approved the use of human subjects for this study.

Informed consent. All participants had given written, informed consent.

Additional information

Corresponding author; address: Department of Neurosciences Pacific Medical University, Bhilon ka Bedla, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001 India, e-mail: researchudr@gmail.com.

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Lokendra Bahadur Yadav, Tiwari, S., Vajpeyee, M. et al. Microbial Signature Present in Thrombotic Material of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Retrieved by Mechanical Thrombectomy. Neurochem. J. 17, 482–491 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1819712423030194

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