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Molecular Characteristics of SUN5 in Banna Mini-Pig Inbred Line (BMI) and Its Expression Regulation in Testis

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Abstract

SUN5 (Sad1 and UNC84 domain-containing protein 5) is indeed a necessary structural protein located at the head-to-tail junction of sperm. It is primarily localized to the manchette, a microtubule-based structure in elongating spermatids that is involved in shaping and remodeling the sperm head during spermiogenesis. This study aims to analyze the expression pattern, sequence characteristics, and potential biological function of the SUN5 gene in Banna mi-pig inbred line (BMI). Adult BMI boar testes were analyzed using RNA-seq, and the complete coding sequence of SUN5 was obtained by RT-PCR; the sequence, structural characteristics, interacting proteins, as well as its KEGG and GO annotations were analyzed; the ceRNA regulatory network of SUN5 was constructed using RNA-seq data. RNA-seq of SUN5 analysis revealed an average expression level of 2003 and a TPM value of 49.8. Full-length CDS of SUN5 was 1152 bp long, encoding 383 amino acids. Compared to the swine (Sscrofa11.1) genome sequence, the SUN5 gene in BMI had an insertion of three bases GAA at 469–471 bp in the CDS region, which corresponded to glutamic acid. The amino acid sequence alignment analysis of multiple species revealed that the similarity between BMI and other species was greater than 78%, the results of the species phylogenetic tree analysis met the clustering criteria, indicating that the evolutionary relationships among the species were accurately represented. Additional analyses, such as PPI networks, KEGG, and GO, revealed that BMI SUN5 interacts with 32 proteins that are involved in a variety of functions, including vascular smooth muscle contraction, ribosome biogenesis, and more. The functional annotation indicated that SUN5 was involved in 8 GOs, comprising five cellular components, one molecular function, and two biological processes. 9 miRNAs were found to regulate the SUN5 gene through a targeted mode. This study aimed to investigate the expression and regulatory network of SUN5 in the testis of BMI, including its molecular structure characteristics. These findings provide a foundation for further research into the function of SUN5 in the spermatogenesis process of BMI, particularly its crucial role in the connection between sperm head and tail.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundationof China (no. 32060733), Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi, China (no. 2022L570), 2023 Lyuliang Development Zone’s Plan to Introduce High-Level Scientific and Technological Talents (no. 2023RC26) Doctoral Fund of Lyuliang University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Life Science, Lyuliang University, 033001, Lyuliang, Shanxi, China

    X. Zhang

  2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, Yunnan, China

    X. Zhang, Z. P. Liu, H. M. Dai & J. L. Huo

  3. Yunnan Open University, 650101, Kunming, Yunnan, China

    H. L. Huo

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  1. X. Zhang
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  2. H. L. Huo
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X. Zhang and H.L Huo contributed equally to this work.

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Correspondence to J. L. Huo.

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The animal experiments conducted in this study were approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Yunnan Agricultural University (Approval no. YNAUREC2020224) and were carried out in accordance with the guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals established by the National Research Council (2017).

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Zhang, X., Huo, H.L., Liu, Z.P. et al. Molecular Characteristics of SUN5 in Banna Mini-Pig Inbred Line (BMI) and Its Expression Regulation in Testis. Russ J Genet 59, 1345–1357 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1022795423120153

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