Abstract
This article proposes a new risk management (RM) instrument for project-based organizations – the Company Dynamic Response Map (CDRM) – and tests its ability to better respond to risks and opportunities. The CDRM is based on the concept of dynamic capabilities as a means by which companies can adapt to fit with their evolving business environment. Different risk response strategies are conceptualized as the combination of a given set of capabilities that could be used to manage risks more effectively across the organization. The empirical basis of the article is provided by a leading project-based organization competing in the Engineering, Procurement & Construction industry; the CDRM has been applied to analyse the company's current RM systems, highlighting strengths and weaknesses. On the basis of the data analysis, generalized operational elements are identified that project-based organizations should consider when seeking to manage risks and opportunities in a holistic and integrated way.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ambrosini, V. and Bowman, C. (2009) What are dynamic capabilities and are they a useful construct in strategic management? International Journal of Management Reviews 11 (1): 29–49.
Amit, R. and Schoemaker, P.J. (1993) Strategic assets and organizational rent. Strategic Management Journal 14 (1): 33–46.
Arena, M., Arnaboldi, M. and Azzone, G. (2006) Internal audit in Italian organizations: A multiple case study. Managerial Auditing Journal 21 (3): 275–292.
Arena, M., Arnaboldi, M. and Azzone, G. (2010) The organizational dynamics of Enterprise Risk Management. Accounting Organization and Society 35 (7): 659–675.
Arena, M., Arnaboldi, M. and Azzone, G. (2011) Is enterprise risk management real? Journal of Risk Research 14 (4): 779–797.
Arena, M., Ciceri, N.D., Terzi, S., Bengo, I., Azzone, G. and Garetti, M. (2009) A state-of-the-art of industrial sustainability: Definitions, tools and metrics. International Journal of Product Lifecycle Management 4 (1/3): 207–251.
Atkinson, R., Crawford, L. and Ward, S. (2006) Fundamental uncertainties in projects and the scope of project management. International Journal of Project Management 24 (8): 687–698.
Banham, R. (2004) Enterprising views of risk management: Businesses can use ERM to manage a wide variety of risks. Journal of Accountancy 197 (6): 65–72.
Barnett, W., Greve, H. and Park, D.Y. (1994) An evolutionary model of organizational performance. Strategic Management Journal 15: 11–28.
Barney, J.B. and Arikan, A.M. (2001) The resource-based view: Origins and implications. In: M.A. Hitt (ed.) Handbook of Strategic Management. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 124–188.
Beck, U. (1992) Risk Society: Towards a New Modernity. London: Sage.
Bredillet, C.N. (2008) Exploring research in project management: Nine schools of project management research. Project Management Journal 39 (1): 2–6.
Cagno, E., Caron, F. and Mancini, M. (2007) A multi-dimensional analysis of major risks in complex projects. Risk Management 9 (1): 1–18.
Cagno, E., Caron, F. and Mancini, M. (2008) Dynamic analysis of project risk. International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management 10 (1–2): 70–87.
Cagno, E., Di Giulio, A. and Trucco, P. (2004) State-of-art and development prospects of e-procurement in the Italian engineering & contracting sector. Project Management Journal 25 (1): 24–29.
Cagno, E. and Micheli, G.J.L. (2011) Enhancing EPC supply chain competitiveness through procurement risk management. Risk Management 13 (3): 147–180.
Collis, D. (1994) Research note: How valuable are organizational capabilities? Strategic Management Journal 15 (S1): 143–152.
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations. COSO. (2004) Enterprise Risk Management – Integrated Framework. New York: COSO.
DeLoach, J.W. (2000) Enterprise-wide Risk Management: Strategies for Linking Risk and Opportunity. London: Financial Times Prentice Hall.
Edwards, J. (2004) Improving energy efficiency in E&P operations. Paper presented at the SPE International Conference on Health, Safety, and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production in Calgary, Canada.
Eisenhardt, K.M. and Martin, M. (2000) Dynamic capabilities: What are they? Strategic Management Journal 21 (10–11): 1105–1121.
Hill, C. and Jones, T. (1992) Stakeholder agency theory. Journal of Management Studies 29 (2): 131–154.
Hitt, M.A., Bierman, L., Shimizu, K. and Kochhar, R. (2000) Direct and moderating effects of human capital on strategy and performance in professional service firms: A resource based perspective. Academy of Management Journal 44 (1): 13–28.
Kajüter, P., Linsley, P. and Woods, M. (2007) International Risk Management: Systems, Internal Control and Corporate Governance: International Perspectives. London: CIMA Publishing.
King, A. and Tucci, C. (2002) Incumbent entry into the new market Niches: The role of experience and managerial choice in the creation of dynamic capabilities. Management Science 48 (2): 171–186.
Micheli, G.J.L., Cagno, E. and Zorzini, M. (2008) Supply risk management vs. supplier selection to manage the supply risk in the EPC supply chain. Management Research News 31 (11): 846–866.
Micheli, G.J.L., Cagno, E. and Di Giulio, A. (2009) Reducing the total cost of supply through risk-efficiency-based supplier selection in the EPC industry. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management 15 (3): 166–177.
Miller, K.D. (2009) Organizational risk after modernism. Organization Studies 30 (2–3): 157–180.
Olson, D. and Wu, D. (2007) Enterprise Risk Management. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing.
Penrose, E. (1959) The Theory of the Growth of the Firm. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Peteraf, M. and Bergen, M. (2003) Scanning dynamic competitive landscapes: A market-based and resource-based framework. Strategic Management Journal 24 (10): 1027–1041.
PMI. (2004) Project Management Body of Knowledge Guide Book. Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute.
Porter, M. (1980) Competitive Strategy. New York: Free Press.
Prahalad, C. and Hamel, G. (1990) The core competence of the corporation. Harvard Business Review 68 (May): 79–91.
Sanchez, H., Robert, B. and Pellerin, R. (2008) A project portfolio risk-opportunity identification framework. Project Management Journal 39 (3): 97–109.
Silvestri, A., Arena, M., Cagno, E., Trucco, P. and Azzone, G. (2011) Enterprise risk management from theory to practice. The role of dynamic capabilities approach: The ‘Spring model’. In: D.D. Wu (ed.) Quantitative Financial Risk Management. New York: Springer, pp. 281–307.
Sirmon, D.G., Hitt, A. and Ireland, R.D. (2007) Managing firm resources in dynamic environments to create value: Looking inside the black box. Academy of Management Review 32 (1): 273–292.
Teece, D. (2007) Explicating dynamic capabilities: The nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance. Strategic Management Journal 28 (13): 1319–1350.
Teece, D., Pisano, G. and Shuen, A. (1997) Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal 18 (7): 509–533.
Wernerfelt, B. (1984) A resource-based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal 5 (2): 171–180.
Winter, S.G. (2003) Understanding dynamic capabilities. Strategic Management Journal 24 (10): 991–996.
Yin, R.K. (1994) Case Study Research: Design and Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Zollo, M. and Winter, S.G. (2002) Deliberate learning and the evolution of dynamic capabilities. Organization Science 13 (3): 339–351.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Arena, M., Azzone, G., Cagno, E. et al. Integrated Risk Management through dynamic capabilities within project-based organizations: The Company Dynamic Response Map. Risk Manag 15, 50–77 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1057/rm.2012.12
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/rm.2012.12