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Anomalous Cosmic Rays: Messengers from the Outer Heliosphere

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Abstract

In this review much of the current knowledge about the physics of anomalous cosmic rays is surveyed. These energetic particles are, most probably, accelerated at the so-called heliospheric shock which terminates the supersonic solar wind expansion. After a presentation of the general scenario embracing a description of the heliosphere, the basic paradigm explaining the existence of anomalous cosmic rays and the relevant observations, the main problems connected to the physics of this particular cosmic-ray component are identified and discussed in detail. To this end, the characteristics of the progenitor as well as descendant particle populations, i.e. interstellar neutral atoms, pick-up ions, and energetic neutral atoms, and those of galactic cosmic rays are described from an observational as well as a theoretical perspective, as far as they are related to heliospheric research. The relevance of heliospheric physics is pointed out as a vital link between basic (plasma) physics and (extra-heliospheric) astrophysics as well as a test bed for astrophysical concepts.

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Fichtner, H. Anomalous Cosmic Rays: Messengers from the Outer Heliosphere. Space Science Reviews 95, 639–754 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1010376901322

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