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Application of Tissue-Specific Extracellular Matrix in Tissue Engineering: Focus on Male Fertility Preservation

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Abstract

In vitro spermatogenesis and xenotransplantation of the immature testicular tissues (ITT) are the experimental approaches that have been developed for creating seminiferous tubules-like functional structures in vitro and keeping the integrity of the ITTs in vivo, respectively. These strategies are rapidly developing in response to the growing prevalence of infertility in adolescent boys undergoing cancer treatment, by the logic that there is no sperm cryopreservation option for them. Recently, with the advances made in the field of tissue engineering and biomaterials, these methods have achieved promising results for fertility preservation. Due to the importance of extracellular matrix for the formation of vascular bed around the grafted ITTs and also the creation of spatial arrangements between Sertoli cells and germ cells, today it is clear that the scaffold plays a very important role in the success of these methods. Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) as a biocompatible, functionally graded, and biodegradable scaffold with having tissue-specific components and growth factors can support reorganization and physiologic processes of originated cells. This review discusses the common protocols for the tissue decellularization, sterilization, and hydrogel formation of the decellularized and lyophilized tissues as well as in vitro and in vivo studies on the use of the testis-derived dECM for testicular organoids.

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Abbreviations

ITT:

Immature testicular tissues

dECM:

Decellularized extracellular matrix

SSCs:

Spermatogonial stem cells

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

GAGs:

Glycosaminoglycans

DTM:

Decellularized testicular matrix

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank all the staff members of the Urology Research Center, especially, Zeinab Ahadi for conceiving and generating the figure.

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  1. Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Keykavos Gholami & Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir

  2. Department of Anatomy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Somayeh Solhjoo

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Keykavos Gholami performed the literature review and wrote the manuscript. Somayeh Solhjoo participated in the review of the literature. Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir was responsible for the critical review of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir.

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Gholami, K., Solhjoo, S. & Aghamir, S.M.K. Application of Tissue-Specific Extracellular Matrix in Tissue Engineering: Focus on Male Fertility Preservation. Reprod. Sci. 29, 3091–3099 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-021-00823-9

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