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Genetic diversity of adenovirus in neotropical bats from Brazil

  • Veterinary Microbiology - Research Paper
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Abstract

Bats can harbor a diversity of viruses, such as adenovirus. Ten different species of bat adenoviruses (BtAdV A to J) have been previous described worlwide. In Brazil, BtAdV was described in three species of phyllostomid species: Artibeus lituratus, Desmodus rotundus, and Sturnira lilium. There are around 180 bat species in Brazil, with 67% inhabiting the Atlantic Forest, with few information about the circulation of BtAdV in this biome. We aimed to describe the molecular detection and the phylogenetic characterization and suggest a classification of BtAdVs circulating in bats from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We collected 382 oral and rectal swabs from 208 bats between 2014–2015 and 2020–2021 from São Paulo, Pernambuco, and Santa Catarina Brazilian states. The adenovirus detection was done by a nested PCR targeting the DNA polymerase gene, and all positive samples were sequenced by the Sanger method. The phylogenetic analyses were based on the amino acid sequences using the MEGA 7 and BEAST software. We obtained 16 positive animals (detection rate 7.7%) belonging to seven bat species: Artibeus lituratus, Carollia perspicillata, Sturnira lilium, Molossus molossus, and the first record of Phyllostomus discolor, Eptesicus diminutus, and Myotis riparius. The phylogenetic analysis based on partial amino acid sequences showed that all obtained AdV sequences belong to the Mastadenovirus genus. We observed a high genetic diversity of BtAdV and identified eleven potential BtAdV species circulating in Brazil (BtAdV K to U). Our results contribute to the epidemiological surveillance of adenovirus, increasing the knowledge about the viral diversity and the distribution of AdV in bats from the Atlantic Forest.

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Data availability

The data supporting the findings of this study are available in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Additional data are available under reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the support of Brazilian Post and Telegraph Company (Correios) for transporting part of our field work supplies and samples. We thank Prof. Dr. Gislaine Fongaro from Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) by human adenovirus 5 kindly provided. We thank the National Network for Virus Surveillance in Wild Animals (PREVIR-MCTI Network). We also thank Walm Engineering and Environmental Technology, which kindly authorized and enabled the collection of samples during fauna studies we performed in Joinville/SC.

Funding

This work is funded by the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation (MCTI-Brazil) and by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq: 403761/2020-4 and 306595/2019-2). LMB is recipient of São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) scholarship (2021/09144-1). LSR, LMNS, MVSM are recipient of Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) scholarship, GPS, IBA, TO, INC, RDM, JCB, RCR, IMSP, LDNS, CWA, HLF are recipient of CNPq scholarship.

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Author notes

  1. Laís Santos Rizotto, Larissa Mayumi Bueno, and Thaís Camilo Corrêa state they contributed equally to this paper.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, FMVZ-USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Laís Santos Rizotto, Maria Vitória dos Santos de Moraes, Laura Morais Nascimento Silva & Helena Lage Ferreira

  2. Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, FZEA-USP, 225 Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil

    Larissa Mayumi Bueno, Thaís Camilo Corrêa, Julia Cristina Benassi & Helena Lage Ferreira

  3. Biomedical Science Institute, University of São Paulo, ICB-USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Amanda de Oliveira Viana, Guilherme Pereira Scagion, Bruna Larotonda Telezynski Lopes, Isabela Barbosa de Assis, Tatiana Ometto, Erick Gustavo Dorlass, Jansen de Araújo & Edison Luiz Durigon

  4. Biological Museum, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Irineu Noberto Cunha, Gabriel Lins Leitão & Erika Hingst-Zaher

  5. National Institute for Amazonian Research, INPA, Manaus, AM, Brazil

    Ramiro Dário Melinski

  6. Laboratory of Ornithology, Department of Biology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, UFRPE, Recife, PE, Brazil

    Roberta Costa Rodrigues, Iolanda Maria da Silva Pereira, Lilia D’ark Nunes dos Santos & Severino Mendes de Azevedo Junior

  7. Zoological Studies Laboratory, Federal University of Pernambuco Agreste, UFAPE, Garanhuns, PE, Brazil

    Wallace Rodrigues Telino Junior

  8. Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil

    Clarice Weis Arns

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  1. Laís Santos Rizotto
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and performed the research. Data collection, analysis, and interpretation of data were performed by LSR, LMB, TCC, MVSM, AOV, LMNS, JCB, GPS, BLTL, IBA, TO, EGD, INC, RDM, GLL, RCR, IMSP, LDNS, EHZ, SMAJ, WRTJ, ELD, CWA, HLF. The first draft of the manuscript was written by LSR, LMB, TCC, HLF, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. The funding acquisition was done by ELD, CWA, and HLF. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Helena Lage Ferreira.

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The authors confirm that the ethical policies of the journal, as noted in the journal’s author guidelines page, have been adhered to, and the appropriate ethical review committee approval has been received. All applicable international, national, and institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. All the sample collections were authorized by the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Natural Renewable Resources (SISBIO: 25895, 76621 and 45807-2) and by the Ethics Committee on the Use of Animals of the University of São Paulo (CEUA 1128141120 and CEUAx 7141081019).

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Supplementary information

Supplementary file 1

Table S1 Summary of obtained samples in this study: Genbank number, ID number, bat species, bat family, age, Brazilian location, collection date, and % amino acid identity (DOCX 16 kb)

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Rizotto, L.S., Bueno, L.M., Corrêa, T.C. et al. Genetic diversity of adenovirus in neotropical bats from Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 54, 3221–3230 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-023-01109-9

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