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High Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in the Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de la Mère et de l’Enfant Lagune (CHU-MEL) Reveals Implications of Poor Hygiene Practices in Healthcare

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Abstract

Healthcare-associated infections represent an emerging public health issue with serious impact among hospitalized patients, including cesarized women and children with catheter. The present study determined the implications of hygiene practices and the hospital environment in wound reinfection among cesarized women and the occurrence of catheter-induced infections in children. Bacteriological analyses were performed on 100 wound swabs from cesarized women, 40 swabs from the wound dressing room, and 83 catheter tips used in children. Isolated bacteria were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. A comparison of the resistance profile between strains isolated from wounds and those isolated from the dressing room was conducted, whereas the hygiene practices observed from the personnel during catheter removal were recorded in the case of children. The results show that 85% of wound swabs, 63% of swabs from the dressing room, and 33.7% of catheter tips were positive for bacteriological analysis. The most isolated strains in wound and environmental swabs were Staphylococcus aureus (56%) and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (44%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (30%) and Enterobacter cloacae (32%) for wounds and Escherichia coli (43%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (28%) for the environment. The catheter tips contained mostly Klebsiella pneumoniae (32%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (25%), and Enterobacter cloacae (14%). All strains showed resistance to penicillin and cephalosporin. The comparison of the resistance profiles suggests an implication of the environmental strains in the reinfection of wounds in cesarized women. However, a significant correlation was recorded between poor hygiene practices and the contamination of the catheter tips. These findings allowed the authorities of this hospital to reinforce the knowledge and improve the hygiene management, in order to still hold the good label of the structure.

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Data Availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the staff of the hospitals involved in the study.

Funding

This study was self-funded. The authors also thank Drs Jerrold AGBANKPE and Esther DEGUENON for their technical support. They are grateful to the whole staff from the Research unit in Applied Microbiology and Pharmacology of natural substances (University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Unit in Applied Microbiology and Pharmacology of Natural Substances, Research Laboratory in Applied Biology, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 PO Box 2009, Cotonou, Benin

    Victorien Dougnon, Hornel Koudokpon, Yaovi M.G. Hounmanou, Kafayath Fabiyi, Alida Oussou, Ida Codjia, Angèle Ahoyo & Honoré Bankolé

  2. Laboratory of Histology, Biology of Reproduction, Cytogenetics and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, 01 P. O. Box 526, Cotonou, Benin

    Simon Azonbakin

  3. Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi, UAC, 05 PO Box 1604, Cotonou, Benin

    Lamine Baba-Moussa

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  1. Victorien Dougnon
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  2. Hornel Koudokpon
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Contributions

VD, HK, and L B-M wrote the protocol.

KF, AO, IC, VD, and HK processed the samples.

DV did the statistical analyses.

HK and DV wrote the draft of the manuscript.

DV, HK, and L B-M reviewed the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Victorien Dougnon.

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Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate

The Benin National Ethical Committee for Health Research has reviewed and approved this study under No 65/MS/DC/SGM/DRFMT/CNERS/SA. A written approval was taken from each patient involved in the study.

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All authors have read and gave their consent for publication. Written informed consent was obtained from the patients for publication of their individual details and accompanying images in this manuscript. However, the data submitted for this publication cannot permit to reveal their identity. The consent form is held by the authors’ institution (Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi) and is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief.

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Dougnon, V., Koudokpon, H., Hounmanou, Y.M. et al. High Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in the Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de la Mère et de l’Enfant Lagune (CHU-MEL) Reveals Implications of Poor Hygiene Practices in Healthcare. SN Compr. Clin. Med. 1, 1029–1037 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42399-019-00149-3

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