Abstract
Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) and apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) belonging to the family Betaflexiviridae in the genus Foveavirus and Capillovirus respectively are two major apple viruses. They are economically important pathogens in commercial pome and stone fruit crops. Mixed infections of ASGV and ASPV are common phenomenon observed in apples trees and other temperate fruits growing worldwide. This study reports the molecular characterization of ASPV and ASGV, from five different apple cultivars of Shopian and Pulwama regions of Kashmir, India. The presence of ASPV and ASGV was confirmed by RT-PCR and sequencing. The nucleotide sequence identity of the CP gene for ASPV isolates ranged 77.56–99.83% while the amino acid sequence identity ranged from 84.34 to 98.74%. Similarly, for ASGV isolates nucleotide sequence identity ranged from 92.02 to 99.86% while the amino acid sequence identity ranged from 96.19 to 99.58%. Phylogenetic and recombination analysis of CP Kashmir-isolates and world isolates showed diversification among ASGV and ASPV isolates from new regions and revealed the Kashmir isolates as non-recombinants. Hence, this report provides importance about incidence and divergence of ASGV and ASPV disease in apple from India and around the world.
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Data availability statement
Data (Gene sequences) is available on the website NCBI.
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Authors are also thankful to the funding agency Department of Science & Technology-Science and Engineering Research Board (DST-SERB), Govt. of India (SERB No: EMR/2017/0039600 for providing the funds to carry out the research work.
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Suman, R., Rishi, N., Dhir, S. et al. Molecular characterization and variability analyses of apple stem pitting virus and apple stem grooving virus isolates infecting apple in Kashmir, India. Indian Phytopathology 76, 233–241 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42360-022-00586-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42360-022-00586-6