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Carboxymethyl chitosan promotes biofilm-formation of Cryptococcus laurentii to improve biocontrol efficacy against Penicillium expansum in grapefruit

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Abstract

The synergistic effectiveness of the yeast Cryptococcus laurentii cultured with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) at different concentrations was studied in controlling Penicillium expansum in postharvest grapefruit and exploring the biofilm formation mechanism. The current research results indicate that 0.5% (w/v) CMCS-treated C. laurentii for 72 h could suppress Penicillium expansum conidia germination and hyphal growth in vitro on grapefruit, and its biocontrol efficacy had been significantly enhanced. Moreover, population number of C. laurentii induced by low CMCS level in vitro was obviously increased by changing the budding capacity of yeast. In in vitro experiments, CMCS-C. laurentii adhered to the orifice plate, having a strong biofilm-forming ability, and accompanied by the production of extracellular secretions. Furthermore, the monosaccharide composition of extracellular polysaccharides of yeast by inducing treatment was determined. Among these, compared with C. laurentii, the contents, such as Ara, Gal, Xyl, Man, and Glc-UA, all were increased. Adhesive substances wrapped on the surface of yeast and accompanied by a thin reticular structure were further observed by scanning electron microscopy. Meanwhile, we identified that C. laurentii tightly adhered to the hyphae indicating that the induction treatment effectively inhibits the pathogen development. In comparison to the control fruit, 0.5% (w/v) CMCS-cultured yeast resulted in noticeably synergistic effects that greatly decreased the grapefruit blue mould decay rate and lesion diameter. A new idea was presented in this study to enhance the biocontrol properties of antagonistic yeast.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work obtained the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO. 31960326, 32160394), the Joint Special Project for Agriculture of Yunnan Province (202101BD070001-065), the “High-level Talents Training Support Program” of Yunnan Province (YNWR-QNBJ-2020-205), and the Young and Middle-aged Academic and Technical Leaders Reserve Talent Program of Yunnan Province (202105AC160045).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Use in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China

    Hua-yu Wu, Le Yang, Yun Liu, Di Liu & Jia Deng

  2. Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China

    Fang Wang, Lin Chen & Jun-rong Tang

  3. Forestry College, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China

    Hua-yu Wu, Fang Wang, Le Yang, Lin Chen, Jun-rong Tang, Di Liu & Jia Deng

  4. Laboratory of Engineering Profile, Satbayev University, Satbayev St. 22a, Almaty, 050013, Kazakhstan

    Zhexenbek Toktarbay

  5. Institute of Digital Engineering and Technology JSC, Satbayev University, Satbayev St. 22a, Almaty, 050013, Kazakhstan

    Zhexenbek Toktarbay

  6. Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia

    Hassan Algadi

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  1. Hua-yu Wu
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  8. Zhexenbek Toktarbay
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  9. Hassan Algadi
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  10. Jia Deng
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Contributions

H-yW: investigation, formal analysis, visualization, original draft writing. FW: resources, methodology, writing—review and editing. LY: visualization, formal analysis. LC: methodology, formal analysis. J-rT: methodology, formal analysis. YL: methodology, data curation. DL: formal analysis, investigation. ZT: methodology, formal analysis. HA: formal analysis, investigation. JD: conceptualization, supervision, validation, writing—review and editing, funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Jia Deng.

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Highlights

• CMCS at low concentration (0.5% w/v) significantly promoted the growth of C. laurentii after 24 h of culture in YM medium, and the budding percentage was greatest at an induction culture time of 72 h.

• CMCS-C. laurentii can form biofilms with better stability and adhesion properties which provided a thin network among C. laurentii or attached the surface of C. laurentii

• The biofilm formation capacity of CMCS-C. laurentii was promoted by secreting more EPS, thus enhancing the adhesion to P. expansum mycelium.

• The synergistic antibacterial effect by C. laurentii cultured with CMCS was enhanced in vivo and in vitro.

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Wu, Hy., Wang, F., Yang, L. et al. Carboxymethyl chitosan promotes biofilm-formation of Cryptococcus laurentii to improve biocontrol efficacy against Penicillium expansum in grapefruit. Adv Compos Hybrid Mater 7, 23 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-023-00828-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-023-00828-9

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