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Band alignment towards high-efficiency NiOx-based Sn-Pb mixed perovskite solar cells

基于能带工程制备氧化镍基底的高效锡-铅共混钙钛矿太阳能电池

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Abstract

Narrow-bandgap tin-lead (Sn-Pb) mixed perovskite solar cells (PSCs) play a key role in constructing perovskite tandem solar cells that are potential to overpass Shockley-Queisser limit. A robust, chemically stable and lowtemperature-processed hole transporting layer (HTL) is essential for building high-efficiency Sn-Pb solar cells and perovskite tandem solar cells. Here, we explore a roomtemperature-processed NiOx (L-NiOx) HTL based on nanocrystals (NCs) for Sn-Pb PSCs. In comparison with hightemperature-annealed NiOx (H-NiOx) film, the L-NiOx film shows deeper valence band and lower trap density, which increases the built-in potential and reduces carrier recombination, leading to a power conversion efficiency of 18.77%, the record for NiOx-based narrow-bandgap PSCs. Furthermore, the device maintains about 96% of its original efficiency after 50 days. This work provides a robust and room-temperatureprocessed HTL for highly efficient and stable narrow-bandgap PSCs.

摘要

钙钛矿叠层太阳能因为具有超过肖克利-奎伊瑟效率极限的潜力而备受关注. 窄带隙锡-铅(Sn-Pb)共混钙钛矿太阳能电池(PSCs)在钙钛矿叠层太阳能电池的构建中起着关键作用. 制备稳定性好、可低温处理的空穴输送层是构建高效Sn-Pb钙钛矿太阳能电池和钙钛矿叠层太阳能电池的关键. 在此, 我们开发了一种室温处理的纳米晶体氧化镍(L-NiOx)作为空穴传输层用于Sn-Pb共混钙钛矿太阳能电池结构. 相比于高温烧结的氧化镍(H-NiOx)薄膜,L-NiOx表现出较深的价带和较低的陷阱密度, 这增大了内建电势和减少了载流子的复合, 使器件的功率转换效率达到了18.77%, 这是基于NiOx空穴传输层的窄带隙Sn-Pb钙钛矿太阳能电池的最高效率. 此外, 该器件的效率在50天后仍能保持原有效率的96%, 具有非常好的稳定性. 这项工作为高效稳定窄带隙PSCs的制备提供了一种可在室温下制备的无机空穴传输材料.

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Acknowledgements

The authors greatly thank the Instrument Analysis Center and Electron Microscope Center of ShanghaiTech University. This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFA0204000), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61935016, U1632118 and 21571129), start-up funding from ShanghaiTech University, Young 1000 Talents Program, Science Fund for Creative Research Groups (21421004), and the Center for High-resolution Electron Microscopy (ChEM) at ShanghaiTech University (EM02161943).

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  1. These authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China

    Hao Chen  (陈昊), Zijian Peng  (彭子键), Kaimin Xu  (徐凯敏), Qi Wei  (魏旗), Danni Yu  (虞丹妮), Congcong Han  (韩聪聪), Hansheng Li  (李晗升) & Zhijun Ning  (宁志军)

  2. Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China

    Hao Chen  (陈昊)

  3. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Hao Chen  (陈昊)

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  1. Hao Chen  (陈昊)
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  2. Zijian Peng  (彭子键)
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Contributions

Chen H and Ning Z designed and directed this study; Chen H carried out all the experiments; Peng Z, Xu K, Yu D, Han C and Li H helped material and device characterizations; Wei Q carried out and interpreted the DFT caculations; Ning Z supervised the whole project; Chen H wrote the manuscript and Ning Z revised it. All authors discussed the results and commented on the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zhijun Ning  (宁志军).

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Zijian Peng is currently a master student at the School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University. He received his BS degree in materials chemistry from Sun Yat-sen University in 2013. His curent research interest mainly focuses on highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.

Zhijun Ning is an assistant professor at the School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, China. He received his PhD degree from the Department of Applied Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology. From 2011 to 2014, he was a Postdoctoral Scholar in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto. His current research interest focuses on solution-processed optoelectronic materials and devices.

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Chen, H., Peng, Z., Xu, K. et al. Band alignment towards high-efficiency NiOx-based Sn-Pb mixed perovskite solar cells. Sci. China Mater. 64, 537–546 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-020-1470-5

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