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Effect of vitamin D supplementation on circulating fibroblast growth factor-23 concentration in adults with prediabetes

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Abstract

Background

Recent meta-analyses report that vitamin D supplementation increases blood fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) level.

Objectives

To determine the effect of 4000 IU/day of vitamin D3 for 12 months on circulating FGF23 levels. We also examined the association of the achieved 25-hydroxyvitamin D level [25(OH)D] with the FGF23 level at 12 months and with 12-month changes in FGF23.

Methods

An ancillary analysis among adults 70 years and older with prediabetes who participated in a trial comparing vitamin D3 4000 IU/day with placebo. Plasma intact FGF23 and serum 25(OH)D were measured at baseline and month 12 (M12).

Results

Characteristics of the 52 participants (vitamin D3 n = 28; placebo n = 24) did not differ significantly aside from more women than men in the vitamin D3 group. Mean ± SD age was 73.8 ± 3.7 years, BMI 31.3 ± 4.2 kg/m2, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 76.3 ± 11.8 mL/min/1.73m2 Baseline serum 25(OH)D level was 33.4 ± 10.8 ng/mL and increased at M12 to 54.9 ± 14.8 ng/mL in the vitamin D3 group versus 33.4 ± 14.9 in the placebo (p < 0.001). At baseline, GFR was inversely associated with FGF23 (r = − 0.349, p = 0.011). Change in FGF23 level at M12 did not differ significantly between vitamin D3 and placebo. In all participants combined, the achieved serum 25(OH)D level at M12 was not significantly associated with the M12 plasma FGF23 or the M12 change in FGF23.

Conclusion

In obese older adults with sufficient vitamin D status and normal renal function, vitamin D3 4000 IU/day for 12 months did not significantly alter plasma intact FGF23 levels. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT 01,942,694, registered 9/16/2013.

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Data availability

The data including individual records are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions. However, aggregated data will be shared on reasonable request to the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the D2d investigators, staff, and trial participants for their outstanding dedication and commitment to the study. LC and AGP are supported in part by generous donations to the Tupper Research Fund at Tufts Medical Center.

Funding

The planning phase of D2d was funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) through a multicenter clinical study implementation planning grant (U34) to Tufts Medical Center in Boston, MA (U34DK091958; principal investigator AGP). Planning was also supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIDDK. The conduct of D2d is primarily supported by NIDDK and the Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health through the multicenter clinical study cooperative agreement (U01DK098245; principal investigator AGP) to Tufts Medical Center where the D2d Coordinating Center is based. The U01 grant mechanism establishes the NIDDK project scientist as a member of the D2d Research Group. The study also received secondary funding from the USDA Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement No. 58–1950-7–707 (principal investigator BDH). Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funders.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington St. Box 268, Boston, MA, 02111, USA

    Lisa Ceglia & Anastassios G. Pittas

  2. Bone Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA

    Lisa Ceglia & Bess Dawson-Hughes

Authors
  1. Lisa Ceglia
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  2. Anastassios G. Pittas
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  3. Bess Dawson-Hughes
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. All authors performed material preparation and data collection. LC performed statistical analyses. The first draft of the manuscript was written by LC and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lisa Ceglia.

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This is a post-hoc analysis using existing archived de-identified plasma samples. The Tufts Health Sciences IRB has confirmed that no ethical approval is required.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Ceglia, L., Pittas, A.G. & Dawson-Hughes, B. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on circulating fibroblast growth factor-23 concentration in adults with prediabetes. Aging Clin Exp Res 35, 525–530 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-022-02338-y

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