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Developmental dysplasia of the hip: real world data from a retrospective analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of universal screening

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Abstract

Aims

Developmental dysplasia of the hip is an important cause of disability in children and young adult and it also has a significant socio-economic impact in our society. The main objective of our study is to evaluate, in our hospital, the effectiveness of a universal ultrasound screening protocol and to assess the general knowledge about the theme of pediatricians and neonatologists.

Methods

Retrospective study of infants born from January 2016 to April 2019, evaluated with hip ultrasound (Graf method). Risk factors assessed were female gender, breech presentation at birth, positive family history and twin birth. For the secondary objective, an anonymous and validated questionnaire was distributed to all pediatricians and neonatologists.

Results

Among the 4000 hips analyzed, on ultrasound examination, 98.8% hips resulted mature or immature but appropriate for age, while 1,2% hips were pathological. Analyzing the mature or immature hips, 2,4% were positive on clinical examination and 97,6% were negative. In relation to ultrasound pathological hips, 33,3% have positive clinical examination, while 66,7% negative. From the analysis of risk factors a significant association emerged between female sex, breech presentation and family history with the ultrasound pathological findings. The results of Survey showed that inadequate training about developmental dysplasia of the hip is done during medical school.

Conclusions

A universal ultrasound screening allowed us to identify developmental dysplasia of the hip in a number of children with normal clinical examination and no risk factors. Specific training courses should be implemented regarding Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip for neonatologists and pediatricians.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168, Rome, RM, Italy

    Danilo Buonsenso, Antonietta Curatola, Ilaria Lazzareschi, Rosa Morello & Piero Valentini

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy

    Danilo Buonsenso, Ilaria Lazzareschi, Giuseppina Panza & Piero Valentini

  3. Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy

    Raffaella Marrocco

  4. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy

    Francesco Cota

  5. Spina Bifida Center, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy

    Claudia Rendeli

Authors
  1. Danilo Buonsenso
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  2. Antonietta Curatola
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  3. Ilaria Lazzareschi
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  4. Giuseppina Panza
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  5. Rosa Morello
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  6. Raffaella Marrocco
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  7. Piero Valentini
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  8. Francesco Cota
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  9. Claudia Rendeli
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Contributions

DB designed the study and performed hip ultrasound. AC designed study, reviewed and interpreted images and prepared manuscript. RM and GP collected data and prepared manuscript. FC designed the study and performed the statistical analysis. IL, RM, PV and CR designed the study and reviewed all manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Antonietta Curatola.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical approval

The study was approved by the ethical committee of the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

Informed consent

The authors obtained informed consent from the patient for submission of this manuscript for publication.

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All patients consented to the publication of their clinical data.

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Buonsenso, D., Curatola, A., Lazzareschi, I. et al. Developmental dysplasia of the hip: real world data from a retrospective analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of universal screening. J Ultrasound 24, 403–410 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40477-020-00463-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40477-020-00463-w

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