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Effects of resistance training on muscular strength, endurance, body composition and functional performance among sarcopenic patients: a systematic review

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Abstract

Background

Sarcopenia, a gradual loss of muscle mass and strength associated with ageing, contributes to a decline in physical abilities, increase in disability and frailty and loss of functional independence. This functional deterioration which comes with ageing, can be slowed in pace with exercise.

Objective

The objective of the current review was to thoroughly search for literature assessing impact of RT on physical performance, body composition, muscle strength and endurance in sarcopenic elderly patients.

Methods

PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and PEDro databases were brought in use for a thorough search for articles published from 2010 to 2023. Two researchers independently retrieved data from studies that complied with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, while they also evaluated quality of the evidence.

Results

In total, 14 studies with 742 patients with mean age of 72.4 ± 9.22 years were included in the analysis for this review. Results indicate, RT improves body composition (p = 0.001), functional performance (p 0.001), postural stability (p = 0.005) and muscle strength (p 0.001) in elderly sarcopenic patients.

Conclusion

A promising intervention for the management of sarcopenia is RT. To yield RT’s positive effects, a well-designed prescription is the need of the hour, just like it is with other treatment strategies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiotherapy, Uttaranchal College of Health Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Prem Nagar, Dehradun, 248007, Uttarakhand, India

    Nidhi Sharma

  2. Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medical and Allied Health Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, 203201, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Aksh Chahal

  3. Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia

    Karthick Balasubramanian & Ramya Ramasamy Sanjeevi

  4. School of Physiotherapy, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India

    Richa Hirendra Rai

  5. OP Jindal Global University, Sonipat, 131001, Haryana, India

    Nitesh Bansal

  6. Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates

    Ramprasad Muthukrishnan

  7. Department of Physiotherapy, Arogyam Institute of Paramedical and Allied Sciences (Affiliated to H.N.B. Uttarakhand Medical Education University), Roorkee, 247661, Uttarakhand, India

    Abhishek Sharma

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Contributions

Study conception and design: AS, NS, AC; data collection: AS, AC, RRS, KB; Analysis and interpretation of results: RHR, NB, RM, NS; Draft manuscript preparation: AS, NS, AC. All authors reviewed the results and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Abhishek Sharma.

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Sharma, N., Chahal, A., Balasubramanian, K. et al. Effects of resistance training on muscular strength, endurance, body composition and functional performance among sarcopenic patients: a systematic review. J Diabetes Metab Disord 22, 1053–1071 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-023-01283-5

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